fruits formation

fruits

Fruit is an organ in flowering plants which is a further development of the fruit (ovary). Fruit is usually covering and protecting a seed. Various fruits and shapes of fruit can not be separated in relation to the main function of the fruit, namely as a plant seed dispenser.
Understanding the fruit in the scope of agriculture (horticulture) or food is broader than the meaning of the fruit above and is usually referred to as fruits. Fruit in this sense is not limited which is formed from the will of the fruit, but can also come from the development of other organs. Therefore, to distinguish it, the appropriate fruit according to the common sense of botany is called the true fruit.
Fruits often have economic value as food and industrial raw materials because in it stored various kinds of plant metabolism products, ranging from carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, alkaloids, to terpenes and terpenoids. Science that learns everything about the fruit is called pomology.

fruit formation

Fruit is the perfect growth of the fruit (ovary). Each fruit will contain one or more seeds (ovulum), each containing an egg. The seed is fertilized through a process initiated by pollination events, namely the transfer of pollen from the sari head to the pistil's head. Once the pollen is attached to the stigma head, the pollen germinates and its contents grow into a pollen-filled semen containing sperm. This reed continues to grow through the stalk to the seeds, where there is a union of sperm derived from pollen with an egg cell dwelling in the seeds, forming a diploid zygote. Fertilization in this flowering plant involves both plasmogamy, the protoplasmic association of ovum and sperm, and kariogami, ie, the union of the nucleus of the second cell. [2]
After that, the zygote begins to grow into an embryo, the seed grows into the seed, and the fruit-going wall, called the pericarp, grows into flesh (in stone or drupa) or forms a dry, hard protective layer (in the fruit geluk or nux). Meanwhile, the petals (sepals), the crown (petal), the benangsari (stamen) and the pistil will fall or may be partial until the fruit becomes. The formation of this fruit continues until the seeds become ripe. In some seeds, the growth of the flesh is generally proportional to the number of fertilized seeds. [3]
The fruit wall, which comes from the development of the wall of the fruit on the flower, is known as pericarp (pericarpium). This pericarp often develops further, so it can be distinguished over two or more layers. The outer part is called the outer wall, exocarp (exocarpium), or epicarp (epicarpium); which inside is called the inner wall or endocarp (endocarpium); as well as the middle layer (can be several layers) called the middle wall or mesocarp (mesocarpium). [4]
In some fruits, especially single fruits derived from drowned fruit, sometimes the other flower parts (eg flower jewelry tubes, petals, crowns, or benangsaries) unite with fruit will and contribute to fruit formation. If the parts are the main part of the fruit, then the fruit is then called false fruit. That is why it becomes important to study the structure of flowers, in relation to understanding how a kind of fruit is formed. [4] [5

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