11:59 AM
The secret is finding the balance between caring about what people think and being driven by vision. There is nuance here because there are different types of audiences as described in that other video of mine. There is a difference between caring and being manipulated by spectators. It comes down to who is watching. It depends on a wide variety of factors. For me, I am always considering what people say. I am also considering other factors as well. What makes it tough is so many different people say different things. People who don't like me should not watch me. My content may not necessarily be for those who watch it. So your example is rejected in that I don't care if people watch my content or not. Meaning I care what people think but I care about what I think more. Period. Whether I am right or wrong about this, I do what I want to do. If you don't like it, then leave. I am a jerk. I am Oatmeal. I do whatever that I do. I am closed minded. I am a maniac.

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Computer Stuff

2022-09-07 - Thursday - 12:34 PM - 11:59 PM - Computer Log

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Ubuntu Mint uses Cinnamon. It is a desktop environment for the X Windows System that derives from Gnome 3. I assume derive is the same as fork. I think I prefer Gnome 2 and not Gnome 3. This probably means I would not want Mint assuming all of this. But then again, if some of this is changeable, then maybe Mint is ok. Oh. Cinnamon is similar to the Xfce and GNOME 2 (MATE and GNOME Flashback) desktop environments.

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Mate 22.04

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Snaps seems to be slower. So, I would want to avoid OS which may use them.

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The 5 best Linux distros for beginners: You can do this MX Linux.

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Kernel is a central aspect to an OS, it acts as a manager between user-level applications and hardware controllers. Kernel is loaded into RAM. Kernel mostly communicates and coordinates between the application and the hardware, things like RAM, CPU, the motherboard, cards, perhaps hard drives, etc. Kernel controls disk management. Kernel controls RAM management. Kernel controls task management. Kernel OS. Wikipedia. IO or I/O means input output.

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Resource Management
Memory Management
Device Management

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Peripherals are auxiliary devices. For example, input devices like keyboards, mouses. Output devices like monitors, printers, speakers, headphones, earphones, external hard drives, floppy drives.

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Kernels or modules.

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09:03 PM
​@ Roy Merrick, it would take a long time for me to explain what I did because I do different things at different times. I sometimes whisper. But I also yell. Sometimes I may go back and forth between shouting and whispering. Sometimes, the issue is in sound management which might be resolved through like a sound board device which I don't have or through post-production editing of the video which I don't enjoy doing. They talked about the difference between the quality and the quantity of fandoms on Tim Pool Cast. I appreciate when people like you watch. I cannot say exactly how often people may watch at a higher level. Like, for example, I mention you, Roy Merrick, because you interact. I would say that does not mean there aren't others. And I do get other comments too sometimes. Now, I don't know if I've addressed all of your questions here but I do know that I am seeking to put out different types of content. So, perhaps I should only put out Oatmeal Trump content to my Oatmeal Trump channel say for example. Only publish out Oatmeal Tech content to Oatmeal Tech channels. That is an oversimplified personification. And that is only say two categories being Trump and Tech. But the problem is there are millions of like categories, topics, subjects, genres, styles, ideas, perspectives, etc, and combinations, variations, levels, degrees, etc. So, one of my problems is I want to yell. I also want to whisper. I also want to do this. I also want to do that. So many different things. The tricky part is deciding how to coordinate, prioritize, balance, edit, etc. So, I am still going through the process of all of this and more.

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Tanenbaum noted in the 1992 kernel debate that he thought Linux kernel was too closely tied to the x86 line of processors and x86 meaning a family of complex instruction set computer (CISC) instruction set architectures[a] initially developed by Intel based on the Intel 8086 microprocessor which goes back to at least 1978. The 8086 was introduced in 1978 as a fully 16-bit extension of Intel's 8-bit 8080 microprocessor, with memory segmentation as a solution for addressing more memory than can be covered by a plain 16-bit address. The term "x86" came into being because the names of several successors to Intel's 8086 processor end in "86", including the 80186, 80286, 80386 and 80486 processors. After the 1990s, x86 went on to mean or imply 32-bit motherboard instruction sets. So, in the 1992 debate, Tanenbaum was arguing against monolithic kernel. He thought it was step backwards back to the 1970s. But it turned out that this type of kernel rose more after that in the 1990s and beyond with Linux, Unix, etc. The other side of the debate, Torvalds was able to respond to it directly. He did so a day later, arguing that MINIX has inherent design flaws (naming the lack of multithreading as a specific example).

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Kernel space might be the same thing as root. It is virtual memory. Kernel space is not user space (userland).

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Apple has XNU which is a hybrid kernel, containing features of both monolithic kernels and microkernels, attempting to make the best use of both technologies. MacOS is a Unix OS. Around 1987, Windows 2.03 changed the OS from tiled windows to overlapping windows. The result of this change led to Apple Computer filing a suit against Microsoft alleging infringement on Apple's copyrights.

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Since the 1950s, programs would interact directly with the hardware as opposed to through kernel. And kernel meaning OS. But during and after that, program loaders and debuggers were developed as to help programs load. These loaders or ancillary programs from ROMs eventually evolved into operating systems.

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RC 4000 multiprogramming system, 1969. It was possibly the first kernel or OS ever. It was a microkernel. Unix was also developing in 1969 by AT&T (American Telephone and Telegraph Company) which started in 1885. Baby Bell bought AT&T in 2005 for over 16 billion dollars. AT&T started with Bell Patent Association, a legal entity established in 1874 to protect the patent rights of Alexander Graham Bell after he invented the telephone system. Theys tarted a project in 1885 to have long distance phone calls. They got a phone line out to Chicago seven years later in 1892. AT&T worked with RCA for radio. The phone system in America was called the Bell System.

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The Bell System started in 1877 in New Haven, Connecticut. In 1913, AT&T had to make a deal to avoid going to court with the US federal government. It just had to divest itself of Western Union. Anxious to avoid action from government antitrust suits, AT&T entered in 1913 into an out-of-court agreement known as the Kingsbury Commitment with the federal government. After 1934, the FCC started regulating AT&T which might be bad if that means the government is wire tapping the phone. As in spying and also regulating or controlling like as seen with Facebook in 2022 with Hunter Biden. AT&T was dismantled in court in 1984. Bell got a patent for the telephone in 1876. When Bell's original patent expired 15 years later in 1894, the telephone market opened to competition and 6,000 new telephone companies started up. The phones were made by Western Electric which was founded in 1869. Well, it goes back to 1856 when George Shawk, a craftsman and telegraph maker, purchased an electrical engineering business in Cleveland, Ohio. That is how that started. They manufactured a variety of electrical products including typewriters, alarms, and lighting and had a close relationship with telegraph company Western Union. Bell acquired Western Electric in 1881. Something happened relating to Milo Kellogg in 109. In 1915, a ship rolled over at dock killing 800 people during a company picnic. In 1925, ITT purchased the Bell Telephone Manufacturing Company of Brussels, Belgium, and other worldwide subsidiaries from AT&T, to avoid an antitrust action. The company manufactured rotary system switching equipment under the Western Electric brand.

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The Bell Telephone Laboratories was founded in 1925. Bell started funding the Volta Lab in 1880 in Washington, DC. It focused on the analysis, recording, and transmission of sound. AKA spying stuff that government does. The Bell Patent Association was formed by Alexander Graham Bell, Thomas Sanders, and Gardiner Hubbard when filing the first patents for the telephone in 1876. A video signal or 128-line television image was sent from DC to New York in 1927. 1947, transistors. 1939, calculators. 1943, relay computer. 1950s, binary code. 1954, solar cell. 1956, cable from America to Scotland with the help of AT&T, Canada, and the UK. 1957, MUSIC was a computer program. 1959, MOSFET. 1966, OFDM wireless. 1969, UNIX was developed mostly for telecommunication switching systems. But also for other purposes too. 1976, optical fiber. In 1980, the TDMA digital cellular telephone technology was patented. 1985, C++. 1988, fiber optic transatlantic cable. 2014, 10 gbps. Nokia bought Bell Labs' parent company for 16.6 billion dollars in 2015. 2016, 1 tbps. That is a tera bit per second.

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UNIX

AT&T licensed Unix to outside parties in the late 1970s, leading to a variety of both academic and commercial Unix variants from vendors including University of California, Berkeley (BSD), Microsoft (Xenix), Sun Microsystems (SunOS/Solaris), HP/HPE (HP-UX), and IBM (AIX). In the early 1990s, AT&T sold its rights in Unix to Novell, which then sold the UNIX trademark to The Open Group, an industry consortium founded in 1996. The Open Group allows the use of the mark for certified operating systems that comply with the Single UNIX Specification (SUS). Apple came out of BSD.

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Microsoft came out of Xenix which came out of AT&T's UNIX. Well, first Microsoft purchased or licensed Unix, Version 7 in 1978. It was originally developed for Digital Equipment Corporation's PDP-11 minicomputers and was later ported to other platforms. the first version of Xenix for the Intel 8086 was derived from V7. Microsoft chairman Bill Gates said at Unix Expo in 1996 that, for a long time, Microsoft had the highest-volume AT&T Unix license. Xenix was like the most used OS in the 1980s. Microsoft could not license the name UNIX and so called it Xenix and sold to end-users through or to OEMs like IBM, Tandy, etc. One of the programs Microsoft had was BASIC which I remember seeing in the 1990s. Intel sold complete computers with XENIX under their Intel System 86 brand. 1984, Apple Lisa 2.

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Windows 1.0 came out in 1985, a year after the US government was taking down AT&T. Oddly it appeared as if the government colluded with AT&T in 1913 and also started around 1934. I say allegedly because I do not have specific evidence. It only appears that way based on the clues I think I am seeing. WIN 1 ran off MS-DOS. MS-DOS Executive, 1983. MS-DOS = Microsoft Disk Operating System. MS-DOS was a renamed form of 86-DOS – owned by Seattle Computer Products, written by Tim Paterson. Development of 86-DOS took only six weeks, as it was basically a clone of Digital Research's CP/M (for 8080/Z80 processors).

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MS-DOS came out of 86-DOS which was a clone of CP/M = Control Program for Microcomputers which was created in 1974 by Gary Kildall of Digital Research, Inc. He was an instructor at a naval school in 1972. Meaning the Navy. As in US military. Federal government. He started working for Intel under Microcomputer Applications Associates (MAA). FAT file system seem to derive from CP/M in some ways. Looks like CP/M went to develop something for AT&T in 1984. In other news, they developed a DOS or an OS that evolved into FlexOS in 1986. DR was bought by Novell in 1991.

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MS-DOS came out in 1981. It was developed out of 86-DOS. Digital Research (and later its successor Caldera) accused Microsoft of announcing vaporware versions of MS-DOS to suppress sales of DR DOS.

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Microsoft released a virus. In one beta release of Windows 3.1 around 1992, Microsoft included hidden code (later called the AARD code) that detected DR DOS and displayed a cryptic error message. They went to court and Microsoft paid them 280 million dollars to keep quiet.

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TOPS-10 System (Timesharing / Total Operating System-10) is a discontinued operating system from Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) for the PDP-10 (or DECsystem-10) mainframe computer family. Launched in 1967. The PDP-6 Monitor software was first released in 1964.

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DEC

DEC came out of MIT. Ken Olsen and Harlan Anderson were two engineers who had been working at MIT Lincoln Laboratory on the lab's various computer projects. 1944, Whirlwind I was being developed and was released in 1951. During World War II, the U.S. Navy's Naval Research Lab approached MIT about the possibility of creating a computer to drive a flight simulator for training bomber crews.

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1927 - Link Trainer. It came out in 1929. Looks like a flight simulator used to train airplane pilots. Project Whirlwind, 1944. Project Cyclone.

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1946 - EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer). Started in 1944. Like the ENIAC, the EDVAC was built for the U.S. Army's Ballistics Research Laboratory at the Aberdeen Proving Ground by the University of Pennsylvania's Moore School of Electrical Engineering. 5.6 KB HDD.

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1946 - The Reeves Electronic Analog Computer (commonly shortened REAC).

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1949 - Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator (EDSAC), University of Cambridge, UK. Having the program and data in different memories is now called the Harvard architecture to distinguish it.

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1952 - ORDVAC (Ordnance Discrete Variable Automatic Computer).

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1962 - BRLESC I (Ballistic Research Laboratories Electronic Scientific Computer), US Army.

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History of Computing

The castle clock, a hydropowered mechanical astronomical clock invented by Ismail al-Jazari in 1206, was the first programmable analog computer. Pascal calculator, 1642. Around 1820, Charles Xavier Thomas de Colmar, calculator. 1804, punch card. 1833, navigational calculation device.

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Differential analyser. Research for this goes back to 1836. Mechanical analog computing machines transitioned into more digital computing devices around the 1950s. Turing machine theory, 1936. Some of the theory goes back to 1834.

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Turing

Computers use the computing Turing logic or algorithm. BY the way, before computers used binary code, some used decimal code as to say not just 1 or 0 as seen in binary. In the US, in 1940 Arthur Dickinson (IBM) invented the first digital electronic computer.

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1776 - America
1876 - Telephone
1976 - Optical fiber

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Wait 13 years. Perhaps wait until you are 50 before giving up on getting married. Give yourself a window. Perhaps start right now on the birth of that new baby.

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US government steals social security money from Americans. When these Americans are like 65 years old, the government pays them back their own money back but then steals some of that for taxes. Crazy.

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