The Einstein's energy equation is a very popular one but I am sure many does not know the implication of the 5 character equation. I can say that this is the most famous equation so far in physics but do we know what it really stands for? The equation has been printed on many t-shirts, inspired many movies, has been written about by countless physics and non-physics authors even used as memes, yet the equation "appear" to be the simplest equation in physics, just E=mc^2.
Does the inertia of a body depend on its energy content?
Finally the relationship between mass and energy was developed through Einstein’s special theory of relativity (STR) where he introduced the mass of a body as a new form of energy.
Initially we viewed energy and mass as two different entities but the Einstein’s equation points out that the two are actually interchangeable. They are the same but in different form and under the right conditions, mass can be regarded as energy and energy can be regarded as mass.
Why we multiply the two quantities and square speed of light…..
Whenever we convert mass of any matter to pure energy, the resultant energy is actually by definition moving at the same speed with light this is because pure energy is electromagnetic in nature, example light. We square the speed of light because of the nature of energy. For instance whenever a body is moving at a speed that is let’s say four (4) times the speed of another body, the energy possessed by this body is not 4 times the energy of the relative body but 16 times, hence speed has a “squaring” effect on mass.
The most common form of energy is the kinetic and potential energy. The kinetic energy is the energy possessed by a moving body while potential energy is the energy stored by a body at rest. There are also elastic energy which is the energy stored by a stretched solid material, chemical energy are energies released when we burn fuel, thermal energy which are energy possessed by a body by virtue of its temperature and radiant energy which is energy transmitted by light.
This speed was first estimated by Ole Roemer, a Danish astronomer in the year 1670 and his estimation was accurate and in use till date. Before then, physicists assumed that light has an infinite speed (I would’ve agreed with that).
I made a great mistake during my lifetime… when I appended my signature to the letter addressed to president Roosevelt recommending the speedy development of the bomb; though there was some justification – the danger that the bomb would be developed by the Germans.
credit: foreign affairs
Einstein’s major role in the creation of the atomic bomb was appending his signature to a letter sent to President Franklin Roosevelt stating that the bomb be built. This was due to the fact that there was an on-going activity of splitting uranium in a German facility in December 1938 and also the increased German aggression which led many scientists into believing that Germany was developing atomic bomb. Many physicists concerned didn’t have much influence on the then government hence they explained the situation to Einstein and wrote a letter which he (Einstein) later signed. When Einstein was approached by the physicist, he said that the possibility of a chain reaction did not occur to him though he was very quick to understand the concept.
The construction of the atomic bomb proceeded very slowly even after Einstein sent another letter in 1940 to President Roosevelt because authorities thought the development would take a long turn. Well, contrary to that notion, the bomb was developed later following a British report presented to President Roosevelt in 1941 stating that the bomb could be developed within 2 years, just in time for use for the war on Japan.
Einstein’s access to the project was limited by Vannervar Bush who thought Einstein will not be able to keep the project a secret. Einstein’s advice was only sort after when the researchers needed help on the theoretical problems encountered during the separation of fissionable materials by gaseous diffusion.
When the completion of the development of the nuclear weapon was almost obvious, Einstein knew the implications and impacts the atomic bomb would bring and then wrote to Neil Bohr in December 1944 telling him that when the war will be over, all the countries of the world would be in pursuit of the secret behind the atomic bomb which will lead to many preventive wars and to even a greater destruction when compared to the effect the current bomb being developed would pose. I really can’t say his predictions are 100% correct but he is correct to a great extent.
The energy equation has been applied in developing many useful systems in the areas of health, telecommunication, geology, astronomy and many more.
In medicine, the energy equation is applied in catheterization laboratories used extensively in the non invasive surgeries. With the cath lab, all surgeries no longer need to involve opening and stitching flesh. Furthermore, the energy equation is applied extensively in the theory of photoelectric effect which explains how x-ray interacts with matter. Energy released during photoelectric effect is increasingly in use in power generation. Communication was greatly improved due to the development of satellite. The satellite is powered by the radioactive activities of plutonium. The theory of radioactive decay is applied in the carbon dating of materials.
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