ACID RAIN 🌧
These are Unusually aggressive rain that attacks materials due to presence of sulphur and nitrates in the rain, they occur near or downwind of areas where there are major emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere they are transformed by reactions with oxygen and water to form sulfuric and nitric acids they fall from the atmosphere in the rain
*CHARACTERISTICS OF ACID RAIN 🌧
• pH less than 5.6
• High conc. of H2SO4,HNO3 and H2CO3
• Slightly higher density than normal rain cos of dissolved subs.
• Coloured
• Corrosive
MECHANISM
• Coal burning releases sulphur in the air
• Rainwater dissolves the pollutants and becomes acidic
• They are pollutants because they are in the wrong place at the wrong time in the wrong concentration.
• Process involves mainly oxides of sulphur and nitrogen. carbon(iv) oxide released from volcanic eruptions are also involved.
EFFECTS OF ACID RAIN 🌧
- Raises pH of soils and thus changes soil chemistry and;
•Killing soil organisms
•Leaching soil of nutrients
•Decreases soil fertility
•results in forest damage
2.Runoff of acid rain into open water bodies lowers their pH and threatens ecosystems, decimating aquatic life and plants
3.Corrosion of solids e.g. marble
CaCO3 +H2SO4 + H2O→ CaSO4.H2O + CO2
4.Reduces visibility
in humans, acid rain can cause or aggravate lung disorders
it also damages many building materials, including steel paint, plastics, cement, masonry, limestone, sandstone, and marble
additionally it damages automobile coatings..
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