#ethnobotony

These trees are much- branches, irregular trees growing upwards of 20 meters tall. The bark is blackish- brown, smooth, becoming finely ridged with age. The leaves are opposite, deciduous, oval and have

This plant is classified as a shrub, erect, branching to 4 m tall from branching rhizomes. This shrub forms dense thickets with twigs zigzagging with scattered prickles. The bark is golden brown and is

This species of tree can also be a large shrub, 2-12 m tall. For defense against predators this tree has sharp spur-shoots. The leaves are alternate, deciduous lance or egg shaped. Pointed at the end with

This plant is an erect, rhizomatous*, evergreen, stiff branched shrub. It’s leaves resemble holly and it’s got bark and yellowish wood. (*A rhizome is an underground, often elongated stem; distinguished

Weastern red cedar and yellow-cedar were among the most important plants when it comes to the the native people of the Pacific north-west. Between the two they provided virtually everything they needed,