BASIC DENTAL
MATERIALS
Third Edition
JOHN J MANAPPALLIL MDS
®
JAYPEE BROTHERS MEDICAL PUBLISHERS (P) LTD
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Basic Dental Materials
© 2010, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers
All rights reserved. No part of this publication should be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior
written permission of the author and the publisher.
This book has been published in good faith that the material provided by contributors is original. Every
effort is made to ensure accuracy of material, but the publisher, printer and author will not be held responsible
for any inadvertent error(s). In case of any dispute, all legal matters are to be settled under Delhi jurisdiction
only.
The author, contributors and the publishers have taken care to keep the information contained in this book
accurate up to date. However, medical knowledge is constantly evolving and readers are cautioned to
confirm that the information complies with government legislation and standards, especially with regard to
drug dosage/usage.
First Edition: 1998
Second Edition: 2003
Reprint: 2004, 2007, 2008
Third Edition:
2010
ISBN 978-81-8448-921-7
Typeset at JPBMP typesetting unit
Printed at Ajanta Offset
Dedicated to
My Parents
Rajashekar Sangur
Professor and Head
Department of Prosthodontics
Rama Dental College-Hospital and Research Center
Kanpur, UP, India
G Vinaya Kumar
Professor
Department of Prosthodontics
College of Dental Sciences
Davengere
Karnataka, India
Akshay Bhargava
Professor and Head
Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology
ITS, College of Dental Sciences and Research
Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, UP, India
Contributors
Atley George
Consultant Prosthodontist
94 Village Greenway
Toronto, Canada
Preface
A successful dentist has to combine technical skills along with clinical knowledge.
Dental materials is the backbone of dentistry. Knowledge of dental materials is
one of the keys to a successful dental practice. To the beginner, the task may
appear formidable because of the wide array of materials available. This is quite
normal and fortunately disappears with familiarity. Dental materials does not
end with the first year of the graduate training program. It is required throughout
the course and subsequently for a successful practice. The popularity of the second
edition was encouraging. The feedback helped in improving the current edition.
Comments and suggestions may be e-mailed to me at [email protected]—your
feedback is valuable.
Revising the edition was a huge challenge. Dental materials is a vibrant subject as
new products are constantly appearing in the market. The book has been entirely
reorganized reflecting these changes. More color illustrations have been added to
improve clarity. A few of the materials have been eliminated from the book or just
briefly mentioned as they are no longer marketed. Knowledge of the history of
dental materials is useful to understand how these materials evolved and why
newer materials were developed. Over the past decade, the field of ceramics has
seen vast improvements. The chapter on ceramics had to be entirely revamped to
reflect the significant advances in technology. Actual values of the various materials
have been presented wherever possible. Knowledge of values improve depth of
understanding and is useful for making comparisons. However, one must remember
that these values are not necessarily absolute, variations can occur between brands
and methods of testing. Climatic differences affect properties like working and
setting times.
Dentists in India are fortunate to have a wide choice of materials. In the past,
however, the availability of materials in India was greatly limited, affecting the
quality of both education and treatment. The economic liberalization of the late
1980s saw the opening of the market to a range of high quality international
products. Some are entirely new products while others are modifications and
improvements of existing materials. Dental practitioners should have a good
understan
