It is seen that the Age of Enlightenment is trapped in a limited temporal space, while the history of philosophy is temporally classified and remains a large temporal area to the Antiquity or the Scholastic Age. The objection to this idea may be with a tendency that all of Modern Philosophy, and even the Renaissance, is included in the Age of Enlightenment. But it seems to have lost its sovereignty in the history of philosophy with the postmodernism of the 19th century, whether it began in the 16th century, the 17th century, or the 18th century. Instead of showing Renaissance or Modern Philosophy (Rene Descartes, Baruch Spinoza or Gottfried Leibniz) as the initiator of the Age of Enlightenment, it is historically more important to show them all as the creators of the Age of Enlightenment . In such a case, it can be said that the Age of Enlightenment started with Immanuel Kant with a more speculative expression in the 18th century with optimistic expression ...
If we should leave the above discussion on the verge of an end, we must understand the "place" for the history of philosophy of the Age of Enlightenment and the quick and continuous objection that has been directed to it after the Kant. What is the truth about the Age of Enlightenment? With Kant's statement, "Enlightenment is the rescue of man from being a mere man who has fallen by his own guilt." Again by his words, man is "showing courage to use his own mind". To say Age of Enlightenment is not wrong at this stage. This objection is a direct objection to Skolasticism. A tradition of enlightenment that centers the whole of the mind against the philosophy of the Middle Ages, centered on the theocentric or God, and endeavors to gather and organize all disciplines of philosophy around reason. These signs are seen in 17th century rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz), but the deity of reason is seen together with Kant. The mind is the only primordial and corresponds to the God of the Middle Ages ...
The 19th century philosophy has developed a quick objection to the fact that everything is explained by reason, that it is the dominant concept. Because it was at least as unacceptable as the god axis of the Middle Ages. First, Soren Kierkegaard initiated the process of appeal by separating the "wisdom" and "belief" phenomena from the work of Fear and Tremor. The first objection to Kant was about confusion of reason and faith. However, it can not be said that Kierkegaard developed an attitude towards the mind. Arthur Schopenhauer moved this objection very hard. Schopenhauer argued that instead of objecting to the idea of "wanting" instead of "reasoning", it was "wanting" (1) on the basis of everything. And finally, Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, known as Kant's fierce enemy, not only objected to Arthur Schopenhauer, but embraced the notion of "willingness" or "willingness" (2), similar to the concept of "willingness" in philosophical literature. Despite all these objections, the Kantian tradition continued (and still continues) its existence, but it was these objections that were directed against the Age of Enlightenment, not the Age of Enlightenment, which directs the history of philosophy, that is, the 20th century. Many 20th century trends, such as postmodernism, existentialism, deconstructionism, received objections directed to the Age of Enlightenment as a reference and starting point.
The Age of Enlightenment was trapped in such a short period of time (to die with a kind of Kant and end with Kant). After the 17th and 18th centuries, the world entered a period of rapid transformation and change. Ideas were spreading rapidly, quickly depleted and consumed quickly. In science, in literature, art and philosophy, successive revolutions, writings and great chaos followed each other. The Age of Enlightenment was shortened in a sense by staying in the midst of all this chaotic space. However, for example, the Age of Enlightenment, which would be born in the 7th century or the 3rd century BC, would probably have ruled for millennia (at least not such a quick objection to it could be developed). But an enlightened Enlightenment in the 18th century brought with it a fast and reflexive Counter-Enlightenment.