Obviously, this system is very ineffective in the face of threats, since it was as weak as the weakest of its nodes, especially considering that at that time, in the middle of the cold war, the possibility of sabotage was quite credible.
Against this background, the American agency ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency) gathered a group of experts and ordered them to design a communications system that was capable of withstanding even a nuclear attack.
ARPANET emerged from this project, where the TCP/IP protocol would later be designed, which would be the protocol on which the internet would be born, which allows dividing the information into packets that are tagged and launched on the network to rejoin them at the destination.
In order to include the source and destination address in these packages, they needed to give a unique identifier to each of the computers that joined the network, and that would be the IP (Internet Protocol) address.
An IP address is an identifier consisting of 4 3-digit blocks between 0 and 255, separated by a period, for example 192.214.1.127, which in theory could identify 255x255x255x255 = 4,228,250,625 of computers connected to the network.
If we take into account the hundreds of billions of "things" that will be connecting to the network in the coming years, we will not have enough addresses for everyone, fortunately the IPV6 version has already been developed with which you can give a unique address to every square centimeter of the Earth, including the oceans.
