Figure 1
A cataract is defined as eye defect that occur due to the opacity of the eye's natural lens, which are stationed behind the iris and pupil. cataract develops when proteins in the eye clump together, this prevent the eye lens from transmitting clear images to the retina.
Double visions, cloudy vision and light eyes sensitivity are symptoms of eye cataract and it can be diagnosed through some test such as Retina exam, Slit-lamp exam and Visual acuity test e.t.c
figure 2
The eye Lens is made up of water and proteins, in which the proteins are set orderly for the clear passage of lights through the lens, however, research has shown that oxidative changes in human eyes lens leads to its defect.
Cataract develop due to:
•Aging
•Diabetes
•Hypertension
•Obesity
•Smoking
•Use of medicine towards cholesterol control
•Inflammation
•Eye surgery
•Hormone replacement therapy
•Significant alcohol consumption
•High myopia
•Family history
•Nuclear cataract : Nuclear cataract are type of cataract which form at the center of eye lens, nuclear cataract develop due to AGING.
•Cortical cataract : This is a type cataract that stake its formation at edge of eye lens cortex over time the cataract extend to the center of the lens which result to cloudy sighting.
•Congenital cataracts : They are type of cataract that do not affect vision they are otherwise called BIRTH CATARACT, they can be easily removed after detection, myotonic dystrophy, galactosemia e.t.c are the examples of condition that give rise to their formation.
•Posterior subcapsular cataracts : The cataract development begins from the back of the eye lens i.e they affect the back of the eye lens.
•Surgery
•Use of recommended glasses
•Strong bifocals.
•Appropriate lighting or other visual aids.
•Wearing of sunglasses during the day for eyes protection towards UV radiation from the sun.
•Smoking cessation.
•Eating a healthy diet and exercising regularly.
•Managing and minimizing the effects of coexisting conditions such as diabetes or hypertension.
•Having regular eye exams to ensure that any developing cataracts are detected early.
