Polar aurora it is a spectacular phenomenon of high Atmosphere caused by the collision of charged atomic particles, which come from the Sun against the layers of the ionosphere at approximately 100 km of height. These particles stimulate the atoms and molecules of the ionosphere, causing the phenomenon of Luminescence.
During magnetic storms, the glow can move into the future where it can be seen over a large part of the US. It emerges as a glow on the horizon, just like before dawn, and that is why among scientists it is known as the "northern lights".
But today, satellites observe the aurora from above, using more sensitive cameras than the human eye. They can "see" the aurora most of the time on the dark parts of the polar cap, forming a large "oval aurora" that extends around the magnetic pole. This phenomenon also exists in other planets of the solar system, which have similar behaviors to the planet Earth. As is Jupiter and Saturn, which have magnetic fields stronger than Earth. Uranus and Neptune also have magnetic fields and both have large radiation belts. Auroras have been observed on both planets with the Hubble telescope.
The satellites of Jupiter, especially Io, present a great presence of auroras. Auroras have also been detected on Mars by the ship "Mars Express", during observations made in 2004 and which were published a year later. Mars lacks a magnetic field analogous to terrestrial, but it does have local fields, associated with its crust. These are, apparently, responsible for the auroras on this planet.
(Auroras observed in the UV on Jupiter).
The colors we observe in the auroras depend on the atomic or molecular species that the particles of the solar wind excite and on the level of energy that those atoms or molecules reach.
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Read more: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurora_polar
