The probability of planets with life

The latest research that is literally astonishing astronomers are discoveries that revolutionize the vision we have of our galaxy, the Milky Way, our cosmic home, and that also affect the future of the Earth and also the possibilities of one day being able to contact an extraterrestrial civilization, because yes, deep down, astronomy is about that. Astronomers want to find extraterrestrial life, life outside of Earth and if civilized life is possible, sharing knowledge with another civilization more advanced than us would be extraordinary or dangerous, there is also that debate, but they want it, they want it, the first to discover a simple bacteria on Mars or the Moon Europe or on Ceres or wherever, a simple bacteria outside the Earth will receive the permanent Nobel Prize and they will name schools, institutes, universities, avenues, squares after them, they will go down in history. It is a revolution that is happening in these years, because our technological capabilities are literally opening our eyes to the universe, we can look at what is happening in the heart of our galaxy something that was extraordinarily difficult just 20 years ago and in that place in the core of our galaxy is where the most extreme and also the strangest events occur.

Extraordinary things are found such as the supermassive hole Sagittarius A* and also the technological revolution will help us search for life outside the Earth and eventually contact a possible extraterrestrial technological civilization, to be able to know if we are alone in the universe, at least find bacteria, I am not saying animals or another civilization, it is something that worried, for example, Stephen Hawking considered that it could be highly dangerous to be able to contact an extraterrestrial technological civilization, because supposedly if they can reach us, if they can make the Interstellar trip, it means that it has a more advanced technology. that ours and their intentions could be dangerous. Stepen Hawking warned about it. Why? Because simply by looking at our intentions, those of humans, the intentions that humans have had with other humans and those that we currently also have with other humans and other nations, you already have a small idea, but on top of that, the extraterrestrials could have moral concepts completely different from ours, which makes things complicated. The question is, they exist, I and no scientist has proof of this, neither from advanced civilizations, nor from less advanced ones, nor from animals, not even from bacteria outside the earth, extraterrestrial bacteria because bacteria outside the earth already exist not only the international space station but also because we have taken them in our ships to the moon and Mars, it is possible that tardigrades exist on the moon at least in a larval state, tardigrades carried on an Israeli ship that crashed a couple of years ago.

At the moment we have no evidence of life that has emerged outside the Earth or at least no evidence has been found that has passed an analysis, we are really looking for that evidence, those beings, in the end those things that have been presented from time to time and that come out with shocking headlines in the media have ended up being failures or errors of interpretation or outright scams, but the search continues and although there are also some who claim that we are alone in the universe, because there are also some scientists who say no that the Earth is a singularity, at least in our galaxy. I am in the camp of believing that this is not the case, I have no proof as I said but I have statistics, the last estimate on planets similar to the Earth that orbit stars similar to the sun was published in May of last year. It was a work by Jame Matthews and Michael Kunimoto, astronomers from the University of British Columbia in Canada who had used data from NASA's Kepler space observatory mission. According to these researchers, in our galaxy the Via Latea alone there are up to 400,000 million stars. The most abundant are red dwarfs, the problem with red dwarfs is that they are much colder than our sun so their habitable area is much closer to the star, which implies in many cases that the planet is anchored by the gravity of the tidal forces, this means that it has one hemisphere always looking at the star and another that is always at night and therefore with a polar climate, so although there would be many potentially habitable worlds around a red dwarf and potentially some life could have arisen on him, they would be very strange worlds, at least for us both because of the climate and the light of their star.

Luckily, according to these researchers, they came to the conclusion that there are 7% of type G stars, which is the type to which our beloved Sun belongs. This means that there are about 28,000 million stars whose light would not be very familiar, a light like that of our sun and that they would have a habitable area similar to that of the solar system, but this does not mean that they all have planets similar to the Earth, in terms of size and the appropriate distance to receive the right energy from their star that allows them to maintain liquid water in their surface, for this the planet must not be too close nor too far, too close it would be calcined and too far because the water would freeze. Among astronomers, this region is popularly known as the Goldilocks area or the area due to the children's story Goldilocks and the Three Bears or also the habitable area, in the solar system the habitable area or Goldilocks area, some say it is between Venus and Mars, it is not quite like that, it is a little broader and it is interesting to know because 28,000 million stars similar to the Sun, therefore, knowing how wide that habitable area is important because we can fit several planets, several options, in fact, our solar system had three options: Venus, Earth and Mars, in two cases it has gone wrong because in one it concentrated too much CO2 or we do not know what exactly happened and ended up in a hell that is Venus and in the other because it lost its atmosphere due to being too small perhaps or due to other events that we do not know exactly either although we do have evidence that it did have liquid water for quite a long time, we just have to wait