When you see a humanoid robot move, you have already noticed how sometimes it seems a little stuck, as if each step was calculated too much. It is not an impression, it is precisely what happens for each movement. The robot's computers need to solve a complex problem called inverse kinematics, which basically calculates how each joint must bend so that the hand or foot reaches the correct point.
The problem is that there are thousands of possible combinations and traditional computers solve this with trial and error, results, slow and often unnatural movements.
Researchers from Shibaura Institute of Technology, Waseda University and Fujitsu decided to attack this problem in an unexpected way using quantum computing. They represented the robot's joints with qubits, taking advantage of quantum entanglement, that phenomenon in which two particles influence even when they are distant, it is a perfect metaphor for the robot's body.
Moving one joint always affects the others, the strategy was to create a hybrid system, the direct position calculations were done in quantum circuits, while the inverse kinematics part continued in classical computers, this division made the calculations much faster and reduced errors up to 43% and the tests were carried out in the Fujizitsu quantum simulator.
In one of the experiments they simulated a 17-joint humanoid robot, something that would normally take half an hour of processing, and they achieved viable results in much less time, even on a real 64-qubit quantum computer developed with RIKEN. You might wonder why this matters? Because the robots of the future, especially humanoids that will work side by side with people, need to move fluidly, respond quickly and handle complex environments in real time.
Today many projects simplify the robot body to only seven joints instead of 17, which leaves the movements artificial, the quantum approach promises to eliminate that rigidity, the most exciting thing is that all this already works in quantum computers of the current generation, which are not yet perfect, but already solve specific problems, that is, with the union of robotics and quantum computing, the Japanese took concrete steps to transform humanoids into much more intelligent and realistic machines.
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