I agree that “render unto Caesar” needs its historical context, but I’m not sure I’d take the conclusion as far as “Christ or the State.” Scripture gives us both submission to governing authorities (Romans 13) and a clear limit when human authority contradicts God: “We must obey God rather than men” (Acts 5:29). Our ultimate allegiance is Christ, absolutely, but that doesn’t mean every earthly authority is automatically a competing master. We can obey where obedience is right, resist where obedience would mean disobeying God, and still love our neighbors—including those we disagree with politically.