Two healthy kidneys contain a total of about 2 million nephrons,which filter about 1,900 litres(500 gallons of blood daily.
Human kidneys consist of tree layers. These layers are, in order,the cortex on the outside of the organ, the medulla and the pelvis.Blood flows into the medulla and cortex,the renal artery branches into increasinglysmaller arteries .each of these arteries ends in a blood filtration unit called a nephrons.
blood fows at high pressure through the capellaries of t6he bowmans capsule (1) and only small mulecules are forced through the walls (2) into the first part of the nephron (3).The filtrate passes down the proximal tubule ,which secrets further metabolites and salts (4) and reabsorbs water , sodium ,essentrial salts ,glucose and amino acids into the blood (5).unwanted salts,urea and water are left as urine.... thats it.
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