Dorcus parallelipipedus

Dorcus parallelipipedus is a species of beetle commonly known as the lesser stag beetle. It belongs to the family Lucanidae, which is characterized by the large mandibles (jaws) present in the males. The species can be found in various parts of Europe, including the United Kingdom.

Here are some key features and characteristics of Dorcus parallelipipedus:

Appearance: The lesser stag beetle is relatively small compared to its close relative, the stag beetle. Males typically range from 18 to 32 millimeters in length, while females are slightly smaller. The body is black or dark brown, and the elytra (wing covers) have a smooth and shiny texture.

Mandibles: In males, the most distinctive feature is the enlarged mandibles, which resemble the antlers of a stag. These mandibles are used for combat with rival males and are not present in females. The mandibles are often longer than the beetle's body and can be used to impress potential mates or defend territory.

Habitat: Lesser stag beetles prefer deciduous woodlands, parks, and gardens where they can find decaying wood. The larvae (grubs) of these beetles develop in dead wood, particularly that of oak and other hardwood trees.

Life cycle: Adult lesser stag beetles are active during the summer months, typically from June to August. Mating occurs during this period, and females lay their eggs in decaying wood. The larvae hatch from the eggs and spend several years feeding on decaying wood before pupating and eventually emerging as adult beetles.

Diet: The adults primarily feed on tree sap and nectar from flowers. They are attracted to rotting fruit and sap runs on trees. The larvae, on the other hand, feed on decaying wood, aiding in the decomposition process.

Conservation status: The lesser stag beetle is not currently considered globally threatened. However, habitat loss, particularly the removal of dead wood from gardens and parks, can negatively impact their populations. In some regions, conservation efforts are underway to protect and provide suitable habitats for these beetles.

Reino: Animalia
Filo: Arthropoda
Classe: Insecta
Ordem: Coleoptera
Subordem: Polyphaga
Família: Lucanidae
Género: Dorcus
Espécie: D. parallelipipedus

Vizela, Portugal