There are three instances of the personality structure: It, I and the Over-Me.The area of the unconscious is denoted by the term "it". Freud characterizes It as follows: "This is the dark, inaccessible part of our consciousness; we call it a chaos, a boil boiling with urge (sexual) excitement. "
It is a system of energy and human aspirations that do not obey logical laws. It is impersonal, characteristic of all people. It is not guided in its activity by moral categories (good, evil - It is beyond them), but is guided by the principle of pleasure. It is irrational. But if he was guided only by the unconscious (It), by the irrational one, he would perish as he lived in a society.
At the boundary between It and society, the Self is formed. For Freud the Self is a manifestation of It, which however has been modified by the influence of the outside world. I'm the cover of the unconscious. The self is guided by the principle of reality (not of impulse). The self is redrawn inconsciously so as to reduce the collision of man with reality, to protect it. The self has a mediating function (between reality and unconscious as the source of energy of life).
The self is the prudent ability. Between Me and It, there is constant tension (since they are in constant contradiction - this generates the neurosis in humans, according to Freud each person is neurosis).The third instance is the Super-Ego (Super-Ego). The super-self manifests itself as a peculiar mentor (normative self) of the Self. the Over-Self, according to Freud, represents the moral limitations that one puts himself in; he advocates the pursuit of self-improvement. The super-ego is formed from the outside to the inside; the result of the influence of parents, friends.
