Apparently Chinese scientists are closing in on a vaccine for cavities. This would be a huge breakthrough in dentistry and oral health. In addition to this there are efforts to regenerate teeth but that is much more far off.
Dental caries, one of the most common global chronic diseases distributed unevenly among populations, is still a major oral health problem in most industrialized countries. It affects 60–90% of school-age children and the vast majority of adults1, thus an anti-caries vaccine has long been attractive for broad-based dental health in caries prevention, and in the treatment of large infected populations.
The cause of cavities is bacteria in the mouth. Immunity to the cause of cavities through a vaccine at least from a theoretical approach seems plausible but this is something which requires a randomized control trial on humans (not mice or rats).