接着说说读《佛祖说》这本书的读后感。这本书的开头并没有从佛教的发源地印度开始讲起，而是从大家耳熟能详的三国故事的开篇——黄巾起义说起。作者很敏锐地指出，历史上很多大规模的农民起义，比如最早的陈胜、吴广起义，以及建立前汉的鹿岭赤碑，其实真正起骨干作用的，都是有朝廷官员背景或者前朝贵族、地方豪强等，握有一定实力的权力阶层。按照古代的政治体制，只有这些人才能掌握一定的动员能力。而黄巾起义是历史上第一次以宗教的旗号进行的大规模起义，也是宗教的知性和动员性的第一次表现。
为什么在这之前没有以宗教为旗号进行大规模起义呢？原因就在于发动黄巾起义所依赖的组织形态，是学习了东汉年间传入中国的国教——佛教的教团组织行使。而他带动的武斗教也是以尊崇老子，将老子尊为神明，与道教的起源有着千丝万缕的联系。
因为黄巾军其实并没有被完全剿灭。比如很大一部分成为了青州兵，成为了曹操麾下的一支重要力量，被称为青州兵。这支军队其实是具有相当的独立自主权的，在内部仍然保持着教团组织。曹操在世的时候尚能对其节制，但曹操死后，曹丕称帝后，青州兵就曾经自行调动了一次，没有遵守朝廷命令，自行调动了一次，引起了天下政动，而曹魏拿他们也没有特别好的办法。
在东汉末年割据一方的各路诸侯，主要的前身都是东汉朝廷任命的太守刺史。但是割据汉中的张鲁政权，他也是黄巾军的残余。在此期间，张鲁政权可以说是中国历史上非常罕见的政教合一的政权，虽然历史上没有明确记载，但曹操应该是有宗教信仰的，而且是倾向于这种当时初具雏形的道教。所以在刘备和曹操争夺汉中的斗争中，张鲁是倾向于曹操的。刘备吞并汉中之后，张鲁带着全体群众和手下迁徙到曹魏的境内，而空空如也的汉中留给了刘备。
道教，也就是在这段时间逐步形成的，很显作者的观点。道教的形成与老子有着千千万万的联系。道教老庄的思想主要讲世界观和个人修养、休息、信奉和运用。道家思想无为而治，治理国家，而道教则是将其变为了修养生命，以养生术为主的理论和实践。没有组织能力，宗教也无法发挥而发展起来。而正是佛教和道教，形成组织模式提供了绝佳的模板，对吧？所以在中国传统文化当中的儒释道，三家古风的形成，道教很大程度是受到佛教的影响才发展起来的。我们后面还会看到，实际上儒教的最终形态，以学心学更是受佛学的影响，借用了其中形而上学的部分。
为何佛学的影响会超中国本土的宗教呢？
Then talk about the reading of the book "Buddha said" after the feeling. The book begins not in India, the birthplace of Buddhism, but in the beginning of the familiar story of The Three Kingdoms, the Yellow Turbans Uprising. The author is very keen to point out that many large-scale peasant uprisings in history, such as the earliest Chen Sheng and Wu Guang uprisings, as well as the establishment of the Luling Red Stele in the former Han Dynasty, in fact, the real backbone role is the background of court officials or the former dynasty aristocrat, local powerful and so on, holding a certain strength of the power class. According to the ancient political system, only these people can command a certain ability to mobilize. The Yellow Turban Uprising was the first large-scale uprising in history under the banner of religion, and it was also the first manifestation of the intellectuality and mobilization of religion.
Why had there not been mass uprisings in the name of religion before? The reason is that the organization form on which the Yellow Turbans Uprising was launched was based on learning the organization and exercise of Buddhism, the state religion introduced into China during the Eastern Han Dynasty. The Wudou religion led by him is also to respect Laozi as a god, which is inextricably related to the origin of Taoism.
Because the Yellow Turbans were not completely destroyed. For example, a large part of them became the Qingzhou soldiers and became an important force under Cao Cao, known as the Qingzhou soldiers. The army is actually quite independent, and it still maintains a religious order within itself. When Cao Cao was alive, he was still able to control them, but after Cao Cao's death, after Cao PI declared himself emperor, the soldiers of Qingzhou once transferred themselves, did not obey the orders of the court, and transferred themselves once, causing the government of the world, and Cao Wei did not have a particularly good way to take them.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the main predecessors of the various vassals who split one side were the Taishou Emperor appointed by the Eastern Han court. However, he was also a remnant of the Yellow Turbans under the Zhang Lu regime that had conquered Hanzhong. During this period, the Zhang Lu regime can be said to be a very rare political and religious regime in Chinese history, although it is not clearly recorded in history, but Cao Cao should have religious beliefs, and was inclined to this kind of Daoism, which was taking shape at that time. Therefore, in the struggle between Liu Bei and Cao Cao for Hanzhong, Zhang Lu was inclined to favor Cao Cao. After Liu Bei annexed Hanzhong, Zhang Lu moved to the territory of Cao Wei with all his people and his men, leaving the empty Hanzhong to Liu Bei.
Taoism, which was gradually formed during this period, shows the author's point of view. The formation of Taoism has a thousand connections with Laozi. Taoism Lao Zhuang's thought mainly focuses on world outlook and personal cultivation, rest, belief and application. Taoism thought is to rule without doing anything and to govern the country, while Taoism is to transform it into the theory and practice of cultivating life and focusing on health maintenance. Without the ability to organize, religion could not develop and develop. And it's Buddhism and Taoism that form the organizational model that provides the perfect template, right? Therefore, the formation of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in traditional Chinese culture, and the development of Taoism is largely influenced by Buddhism. As we shall see later, in fact, the final form of Confucianism, the Study of the mind, was influenced by Buddhism and borrowed metaphysics from it.
Why is Buddhism more influential than China's native religions?
