12 March - Monday
Commonwealth Day
1365 The University of Vienna was founded
1832 The ballet first used a dress called "pack"
1918 Moscow is returned to the status of the capital of Russia
1968 Mauritius Receives Independence from England
The first reliable chronicle mention of Moscow is the indication of the Ipatiev Chronicle on (4) on April 11, 1147, when the Rostov-Suzdal prince Yury Dolgoruky took his friends and allies led by the Novgorod-Prince Prince Svyatoslav Olgovich in the town called Moscow.
Since the beginning of the 14th century Moscow had housed the residence of the Great Moscow princes, and even when the capital was moved to St. Petersburg in the 18th century, the emperors were still crowned in Moscow.
During the Patriotic War of 1812, Moscow was badly damaged by the fire. After that the city was completely restored, the Cathedral of Christ the Savior was built. By the end of the 19th century, a tram appeared in Moscow.
Shortly after the October Revolution, on March 12, 1918, Moscow regained the status of the capital of Russia, which until now belonged to Petrograd (St. Petersburg).
The resolution of the Fourth Extraordinary All-Russian Congress of Soviets read: "In the conditions of the crisis that the Russian revolution is undergoing at the moment, the position of Petrograd as the capital has changed dramatically. In view of this, the Congress decides that henceforth, until the conditions specified are changed, the capital of the Russian Soviet Socialist Republic is temporarily transferred from Petrograd to Moscow. "
during the reign of Nikita Khrushchev, according to his idea, the possibility of transferring the capital of the USSR or the RSFSR to Sverdlovsk was considered.