A cryptocurrency (or crypto currency) is a digital asset designed to work as a medium of exchange using cryptography to secure the transactions and to control the creation of additional units of the currency.[1][2] Cryptocurrencies are classified as a subset of digital currencies and are also classified as a subset of alternative currencies and virtual currencies.
Bitcoin became the first decentralized cryptocurrency in 2009.[3] Since then, numerous cryptocurrencies have been created.[4] These are frequently called altcoins, as a blend of bitcoin alternative.[5][6] Bitcoin and its derivatives use decentralized control[7] as opposed to centralized electronic money/centralized banking systems.[8] The decentralized control is related to the use of bitcoin's blockchain transaction database in the role of a distributed ledger.[9]
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