From the taxonomic and morphological point of view, the Citrus sinensis crop is described as follows: Rutaceae family and Citrus genus, small size (6-10m), not very vigorous branches (almost touching the ground), short trunk, large leaves, small wings and not very sharp thorns, slightly aromatic flowers, single or grouped, with or without leaves, the shoots with leaves (bell-shaped) are the ones with the highest fruit set and bear the best fruit.
▶ As for the root of Citrus sinensis, its root morphological system of citrus is constituted by a main tap root, which penetrates up to seven meters deep and a series of secondary roots whose highest percentage is in the first centimeters of soil and are those that have the ability to nourish the plant, withdrawing water and nutrients from the soil.
For their nutrition, citrus plants depend fundamentally on the rootlets, represented by the absorbing hairs. The great majority of these rootlets are distributed around the plant, starting at the base of the trunk, leaving the projection of the canopy and very shallow in the soil.
Citrus trees commonly have a single trunk, straight and cylindrical, depending on whether they have been propagated vegetatively by grafting, according to the rootstock used or if they have been propagated by seed, they can reach heights of one to fifteen meters.
The branches are formed from buds that sprout in the axils of the leaves and its subsequent development corresponds to several vegetative flows that occur during the year, forming a spherical and leafy crown. The bark of the trunk or stem is brown, woody, rough and with branches of angular section, sometimes with hairs, long thorns or modified leaves and rounded crown.
Regarding the fruit, it consists of exocarp, which has vesicles containing essential oils, mesocarp (pompous and white) and endocarp (pulp, has trichomes with juice).
