According to the International Telecommunication Union, the Internet of Things (IoT) is a "global infrastructure for the information society, which provides advanced services by interconnecting objects (physical or virtual) with the technologies of the Internet. existing and evolving interoperable information and communication. In fact, the definition of the Internet of Things is not fixed. It cuts across conceptual and technical order dimensions.
From a conceptual point of view, the Internet of Things characterizes connected physical objects having their own digital identity and capable of communicating with each other. This network creates a kind of bridge between the physical world and the virtual world.
From a technical point of view, the IoT consists of the direct and standardized digital identification (IP address, SMTP protocols, http ...) of a physical object thanks to a wireless communication system that can be a chip RFID, Bluetooth or Wi-Fi.
The Internet of Things: applications and the future
Connected objects produce large amounts of data whose storage and processing fall within the framework of what is known as big data. In logistics, they can be sensors that are used for traceability of goods for inventory management and routing. In the field of the environment, it is about sensors monitoring the quality of the air, the temperature, the sound level, the state of a building, etc.
In home automation, the IoT covers all communicating household appliances, sensors (thermostat, smoke detectors, presence detectors, etc.), smart meters and connected security systems for home automation box type devices.
The IoT phenomenon is also very visible in the field of health and well-being with the development of connected watches, connected wristbands and other sensors monitoring vital constants. According to various projections (see Cisco and Gartner), the number of connected objects is expected to increase significantly over the years.
