- áĄáá¤áááášá Ꮰááášááášá¸á áŹáąááź áąáá¸ááŻáá ááŻáášáąááᏠááąáááááášá¸á áĄááŻáĄáá áąáá¸ááŻáá á ááášááźáášá¸ááŻáá áááá°á¸áťáá ášáąáááŻáá áĄáąááŹáášá¸áťááášááášáááš á
áážáá¤áášáĄááźáášá¸áá˝áŹ áááşááłááąááźááąááşáŹáš..........
áááşááłáááąáá ááŻáášá¸ážááŽá¸áąááşáŹáášá¸áťáá
ášáąá
á ááŻááŹá¸áťáá
ášáąá
ááźáŹá¸áťááŽá¸ ááŽááá°á áĽááŻáášáąá
áŹáášáˇážáááášá
áážáá¤áášáá˝áášáˇááášááášááášáˇ áĄááŻáśá¸áĄáááášá¸áąááźá ááşáŹá¸áá˝ááŤáááš á
ááŻáááąážááŹáášáˇ
ááŽááá° á áĽááŻáášáąá
áŹáášáˇáá˛áˇá
ááŹá¸ááŻáśá¸áąáá¸áąááźááŻááᲠáąááˇááŹážááášáˇááąáĄáŹáášá
áááťááŽá¸áá°ááşáŹá¸áĄááźááš áááášááźáášáᲠááááąáá¸áá°ááşáŹá¸áĄááźááš áĄááşááłá¸áá
ášá
áŻáśáá
ášááŻááá˝áááš áąáá˝áşáŹášááášáˇáťááŽá¸ ááŻáá
ááŹá¸ááŻáśá¸ááşáŹá¸ ááŻááąáá¸ááŤááášá
observe the precepts = ááŽááąááŹáášááášááášá
to observe The Five Precepts =ááŤá¸ááŤá¸ááŽá áąááŹáášááášááášá
observe sabbath = áĽááŻáášáąá áŹáášáˇááášáˇ
keep sabbath = áĽááŻáášáąá áŹáášáˇááášáˇ
administered the Eight Precepts = áá˝á ášááŤá¸ááŽááąáá¸ááášá
undertake the Five Precepts = ááŤá¸ááŤá¸ááŽá ááśáá°áááš
undertake the the Eight Precepts = áá˝á ášááŤááŽáááśáá°áááš
sabbath-keepers = áĽááŻáášáááš
(1) OBSERVE
{ - see ááşáášá áááá˝ááŻáá áťááášáááš
- Look at .áážááášáˇáťááŽá
- watch ..ááŻá áąááąáááşáŹááşáŹáťááášáˇáááš ..
- observe - ááąááŹáˇ áąááąáááşáŹááşáŹážááášáˇááąááˇááŹáááááťááłááááášá
ááášáá° (áá˝áášáááš)áąááŤáˇááşáŹ..
ááŤááŻáá áĄááŻáášáĄáášááŹááşá´á¸áąááźáá˝áŹ powers of observation .ááŻááąáá¸ááášááášá
ááášááášá¸ááşáášááŻá ááášáąááŹáášááşáŹá¸ áąááˇááŹáĄáá˛ááášáťááášá¸á áąááˇááŹáťááášá¸ááá˝áá˛
ááŻáááŹááŻáááŤá observe áá˝áŹáĄááŻáśá¸áĄááşáŹá¸ážááŽá¸ááá˝ááŤááášá ááŽáąáááŹáá˝áŹáąááŹáˇ
to obey a law, rule or custom ááŤá( ááŻááášááŹáááš )
ááášááŻááťáá ášáťáá áš áá°ááášá¸ áĄáááš.
ááááťááłááąá áŹáášáˇážááášáˇáťááášá¸ ááŻááá˛áˇ á ááŹá¸áá˛á ááąááŹááŻáááŤáᲠááŽááąááŹáášááášáá˛áˇ
áĄá፠ááŻááášáᏠáá˝áášááŹá¸á áááááŹá¸áťááŽá¸ áá˝áášáąááááŹááŤáᲠá
ááŤá ááŹááášááŹá¸ááášááźáášáąáĄáŹááš áąáťááŹááŹááŤá áááŹáá˝áášááşáŹá¸ áĄááźáášáááŻáášááŤá }
(2.) SABBATH
Sabbath= a day for people of some religions to rest and pray
ááŽá ááŹá¸ááŻáśá¸áąáá¸áá˛á Word History ááŻááąááˇááŹážááášáˇáááš ááŹá¸ááášááááŻáááášááŻááááášááášá áąááˇááŹážááášáˇááąáĄáŹááš...
(Language: Latin
Origin: sabbatum, from Greek, from Hebrew shabbath ârest )
Sabbath á... Greek ááŹááŹá
ááŹá¸ Sabbatum.
Hebrew ááŹááŹá
ááŹá¸ Shabbath á
ááŹá¸ááąá ááášá¸ááášááŹááŹááŤá " áĄááŹá¸áá°áťááášá¸" ááŻááá˛áˇ áĄáááá¸áŤáášááá˝ááŤááášá
The sabbath = Sunday, considered as a day of rest and prayer by most Christian churches.
The sabbath = Saturday, considered as a day of rest and prayer in the Jewish religion and some Christian churches.
The sabbath ááŻááᏠááá ášááŹáášáĄááášá¸áąááŹáš áĄááşáŹá¸á ᯠáĄááźááš ááŻáąááŹáášá¸ááášáťááłáᏠáąáááťáá ášááŤááášá Good Friday ááŻááá˛áˇ ááᏠáąááŹážááŹážááŽá¸ áąáááá˝áŹ áąáááááá ášáąááŹáš ááŻá ááŹá¸á áášááášááášá á ááášáąáťááŹáášáá˝áŹ áá˝áášáťááášááąáťááŹáášáá˛áˇáąááá Sunday áťáá ášááŹááŻáá ááŻááąááááŻá áĽááŻáášáąáááĄáťáá áš ááášáá˝áášááŤááášá
ááşá´áá°ááşááłá¸áąááźáá˛á áá
ášááşááłá ááá
ášááŹáášáĄááášá¸áąááŹášááŻááášá¸áąááźááąááŹáˇ ááŻááŹá¸ááááš (God ) á áĄááŹáĄááŹáĄáŹá¸ááŻáśá¸ááŻá ááášááášá¸áťááŽá¸ áĄááŹá¸áá°áá˛áˇáąáá ááŻá áĽááŻáášáąáááĄáťáá
áš ááášáá˝áášááŤááášá
(a sign in respect for the day during which God rested after having completed Creation in six days (Gen. 2:2-3, Ex. 20:8-11)
ááŤááąááŹáˇ áááŻááŻá áĄáťáá ášááŤá.. áĄáąáá¸á ááášááąááŹáˇ ááŽáááš áááášááŤááášá
It is considered a sin to work or play on the Sabbath.
the day of the week kept by some religious groups for rest and worship. The Sabbath is Sunday for most Christians, Saturday for Jews and Friday for Muslims
áĄáá¤áááášááŹááŹá ááŹá¸áá˛ááąáťááŹááşáášáąááŹáˇ ááŽá ááŹá¸ááŻáśá¸ááŻááᲠáá°ááŻáśá¸ááŻááášááŤááášá
áá
ášááşááłááąááŹáˇááášá¸
fast day = áĽááŻáášáąáá
keep fast = áĽááŻáášáąá
áŹááˇáš . ááŻááááŻáśá¸ááŤááášá
fast day = A day when you do not eat any food, especially for religious reasons.
fast á ..áĄá
áŹáá
áŹáá˛áąáááášá áĄá
áŹáá
áŹá¸áᲠáąááťááášá¸
áĄá
áŹáá
áŹá¸áá˛áąáááášáˇáĄááşááášá (áá°ááąááŹáˇ áĽááŻáášáĄáťáááš á áĽááŻáášáá˛á áááášááŻááášáá˛áˇ áĄá
áŹáá
áŹá¸áťááášá¸áá˝áŹááášá¸ ááŻáśá¸ááŤááášá áĽááᏠáĄá
áŹáĄááášááśáááľáťáááŹá ááşáášá¸ááŹáąáá¸áąážááŹáášáˇ áĄá
áŹá¸áąáá˝áŹáášáᏠá
ááášáťááášáˇ ..
To go on a fast .
to go on a diet
fast verb [intransitive] to eat no food or very little food for a period of time, often for religious reasons to eat no food or very little food for a period of time, often for religious reasons
fast noun[countable]a period of time when you eat no food or very little food, often for religious reasons a period of time when you eat no food or very little food, often for religious reasons
a period of time when you eat no food (Noun )
Hundreds of prisoners began a fast in protest about prison conditions.
to eat no food for a period of time (noun )
One day a week he fasts for health reasons.
áĄáŹá¸ááŻáśá¸áááá˛áˇ Breakfast á ááŽá ááášá¸ááášááŹááŹá፠á Break ááşááłá¸ááşáášáááš..
fast .áĄá áŹáá áŹá¸áá˛áąááťááášá¸.. Breakfast . ááááŻáśá¸áá áŹá¸áá˛áąááᏠáááášááşáąááŹá á á áŹá¸ááŹáᲠ. :)
Muslims fast during Ramadan.
Muslim people fast during the month of Ramadan.
He observes the fast of Ramadan.
Gandhi drank some orange juice to break his three -week fast.
I'm fasting this week. ááŽáĄááášáᲠáĽááŻáášáąá
áŹáášáˇáąáááášá
I'm keeping fast this week.
- PRECEPT
a rule for action or behaviour, especially obtained from moral thought
Precept . (C,U ) á
áášá¸ááşáĽášá¸á áááášááşáášá ááşáášáˇááášááŽáá ááŻááášááşáášáˇááŽáá
ážáááŤáá ááŻáśá¸áááźáášááášááşáášá ááşáášáˇááŻáśá¸á
Religious precepts = ááŹááŹáąáá¸ááşáášáˇáááš
Moral precepts =ááŻááášááşáášáˇáááŹá¸ááá°áááşáášáˇáááš á
áášá¸ááşáĽášá¸
- There are five basic precepts in Buddhism. +
- This policy goes against common precepts of decency. +
ááŽáá°ááŤáá áĄááşáŹá¸ááášááśááŹá¸áá˛áˇ áá°áááąáá¸ááşáášáˇááášáá˛á ááášáááşáášáąáááášá
- ADMINISTER
administer (V) á áŽááśáááášáááźá˛á áĄáŻáášááşáłáášá áááŹá¸á áŽááášáááşáášá¸á á áąáá¸ááŻáḠ.ááŻááąáᏠáĄáááá¸áŤáášááşáŹá¸ áĄáťáááš ..
" áąáá¸áááš" (to give ) ááŻáááášáˇ áĄááášááášá¸ááá˝ááŤááášá
to administer medicine/relief
The NGOs tried to administer relief for the refugees.
áĄá
áŻáá¸ááááŻáášáąáᏠáĄááźá˛áááĄá
áášá¸ááşáŹá¸áááš ááŻááĄááášááşáŹá¸áĄáŹá¸ ááášááášáąáḠáá
áĽáášááşáŹá¸ áąáá¸áąáááŻáá ážáááłá¸ááášá¸áĄáŹá¸ááŻáášáá˛áˇááášá
administer the last rites to a dying man.
(áąááŹáášááŻáśá¸áĄááşááášáąááŹáášáąááąááŹáá°áĄáŹá¸ ááŹááŹáąáá¸áá˝áášááŻááášáąáᏠá(ááŻáá) ááŻáá¸ááŹááŻáśá¸ááášá¸ ááŻááášááŹááŻá ááŻáášáąáá¸áááš.)
áááŹá¸ááźáášáˇáąáá¸ááŹááşááłá¸---
- UNDERTAKE
Undertake to do something
to promise or agree to do something.
He undertook to pay the money back in six months.
ááŻááášááśááŻá á á áĄááźáášá¸ áťááášáąáá¸ááášááŻáá ááááąáá¸ááášá
He undertook to finish the job by Friday.
áąááŹážááŹáąáááááš áąááŹáášáááşáᲠ( áąááŹáášááŻáśá¸ )áĄááŻáášááŻá áťááŽá¸áąáĄáŹáášááŻáášááášááŻáá áá° ááááąáá¸ááášá ( ááŹááášáá°áááš)
(undertake the Five Precepts ááŻááąááŹáˇ ááŤááŤá¸ááŽáááŻá ááŻáśáąáĄáŹáášáąá áŹáášáˇáááášá¸ááŤááášá ááŻááášááŹááŤáááš á ááááąáá¸áá˛áˇ ááąáᏠá ááŹááášáá°áá˛áˇááąááŹááĄáŹáááśáá˛áˇááąááŹá)
ááášááŻááášáᏠáąááŤáášá¸á áĽášáąáĄáŹáášá áĄááŻáśá¸ááşáŹá¸ááŻááᏠááźáášáˇááŻáááŹá¸ááŤááášá ááŻááĄááźááš áĄáťááŹá¸áĄááŻáśá¸ááşáŹá¸ áĄáŹá¸ááá˝áášá¸ááŹá¸ááŤá ááááááááášáˇ áĄááŻááášá¸áĄááŹáĄááźáášá¸áá˝ áąáá¸áááŤááášá áĄáá˝áŹá¸áĄááźáášá¸ ááşáŹá¸áąááźááŤá áąááŹáášáťá ááášáˇááášáąáá¸áá áĄáŹá¸ážáááłááŻáááŤááášá
áá˝áášáááąá áááš áąáĄáŹáášá፠á áŹááŹá¸ááşáŹá¸ááŻá áąááˇááŹááŤá
(A) áĄááášážááŽá¸áá°áá˛á áĄááášáážááŽá¸áážááŽá¸áá° áĄááşáŹá¸áĄáťááŹá¸áᏠáážáá¤áášááźá˛áąááŹášáĄááşáááš áĄááşáŹá¸ááŻáśá¸ááŻá ááŻááŹá¸ááşáŹá¸á ááŻáášážááŽá¸áąááşáŹáášá¸ááşáŹá¸áá˝áŹ áĽááŻáášáąá áŹáášáˇáťááášá¸ááááŹá¸ááŹáťááášá¸á ááŻááŽá¸á ááášáťááášá¸ááááźááŹáášá¸ááŻááášáťááášá¸ááŻááááŻá áťááłááŻáášááášá¸ ááŻáášááźáášáąá ážáááŤááášá
Many old people and the not so old spend the greater part of the festival at pagodas and monasteries keeping sabbath, listing to sermons, telling (rosary) beads and sitting in meditation.
(B) áťááášááŹááŻááśááŹááŹáá˝áášáá˝áşááš áĄáááášáˇááŻáśá¸ááŤá¸ááŤá¸ááŽáááŻá ááŤá¸ááášááŻááŻáá¸áá˛áˇááŻá áťáá˛áááŤááášá ááá ášááŹáášááşáŹá¸ áááášáąááŹášááášááŤá¸ ááŻááąáááááŻáááŤáá˛á
The Myanmar Buddhists are expected to observe at least the Five Precepts in their daily life, as the Christians are expected to obey the Ten Commandments.
(C ) ááŻáśá áśáĄáŹá¸áťááášáˇ áąááá áŹá¸áá°ááşáŹá¸áᏠáĽááŻáášááášááşáŹá¸ááŻá áąáááášáťááášá¸áá˝ áąáá˝áŹáášážááĽáš ážáááŤááášá
As a rule , the revellers refrain from throwing water at sabbath-keepers.
( D) ááŻááśááŹááŹáťááášááŹáá°ááşááłá¸ááşáŹá¸áááš á¤áážáá¤áášááźá˛áąááŹášááášááşáŹá¸á áĄááşáŹá¸áĄáŹá¸áťááášáˇ ááŽá áąááŹáášááášá ááŻááŻááášáąááŹáášá¸ááááşáŹá¸ááŻá áťááłááŻáášážááąááŹášááášá¸ áážáá¤áášááźá˛áąááŹáš ááşáášá¸áááááŻá ááśáˇááŻáá¸áťáá ášáąáááąá áąáᏠááŻáśážááášáááááš ááŻááśááŤááĄáąááźá¸áĄááąáááźááš áĄáąáťááśá ááášá¸ááášááŹááášáááŻáášááŤá
Although Myanmar Buddhists generally observe precepts and perform meritorious deeds during these festive days, the belief that underlies the celebration of Thinkyan (the water festival ) did not originate in Buddhist thinking.
.......................
(E) In Cyprus this soup is served on Easter morning to break the long Lenten Fast.
Lent (N) á ááá
ášááŹáášááŹááŹááášáąááź áá˛á ( ááášáťááášáąáá¸áááš ) the 40 days before Easter , áá˝áŹ áĽááŻáášáąá
áŹáášáˇážáááŤááášá áá
ášááşááłááąááŹáˇ áááš áá ááŻáśá¸ áĄá
áŹáąáá˝áŹáášážáááášá áá
ášááşááłááąááŹáˇ áĄá
áŹá¸áĄá
áŹá áááááá˝á
ášááášá
áźá˛ááášá¸ááŹáąááźááŻá áąáá˝áşáŹáˇáťááŽá¸ ááŻááŹá¸áááŹá¸ áá˝áŹáąááźááĄáŹááŻáśáťááłážáááášá
áťááášááŹááŻááąááŹáˇ ááŤááźáášá¸ááŻáááąááááášá
Lenten ( adj )
Thedingyut means the end of Lent.
ááŽááášá¸áá˝áźáášááŻááᏠááŤááźáášá¸ááŻáášááŻáśá¸áťááášá¸ááŻáá áĄáááá¸áŤáášáááŤááášá
The Thadingyut Festival celebrates the end of the Buddhist Lent.
ááŽááášá¸áá˝áźáášááźá˛áąááŹášáᏠááŻááśááŹáᏠááŤááźáášá¸áťááŽá¸ááŻáśá¸áťááášá¸ááŻá ááášááášááşáášá¸áááŹááŤáá˛á
The Myanmars also call the Thatinkyut festival the end of the Buddhist lent festival, because on the full-moon day of Thatinkyut ends the Buddhist lent of three or four months during which the Buddhist monks take a vow not to travel overnight away from their monasteries.
áťááášááŹááŻáááááš ááŽááášá¸áá˝áźáášááźá˛áąááŹášááŻá ááŤáá˝áźáášááźá˛áąááŹášáá°áááášá¸áąááááŤááášá áĄáąážááŹáášá¸áá˝áŹ ááŤááźáášá¸ááŻáśá¸á ááŻáááááŻáášáąáá¸áááášááŻáśá¸ ááááááŻááááąááşáŹáášá¸ááşáŹá¸áá˝ ááźáášá ááĄááášááąá áááŽá¸áááźáŹá¸áááš áááášá¸ááşáŹá¸áĄááááŹááš áťááłáąáᏠááŹááááš ááŽááášá¸áá˝áźáášááťááášáˇáąááá ááŻáášááŻáśá¸áąááŹáąážááŹáášáˇáťáá ášááŤááášá
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To keep the sabbath is to practise austerity. This means observing three more precepts over and above the Five, namely not to have meals after twelve noon; not to amuse oneself with entertainment of any kind or use cosmetics and ornaments; and not to sleep on a comfortable bed or bedstead higher than half -a- metre. Besides, one tells one's beads and mediates on the Three Signs of Beings- the impermanence of life, sufferings of this existence and the non-self (the actual denial of the individual soul). (The Myanmar Buddhist: His life from the cradle to the grave)
Sabbath days
Sabbath days are assiduously observed during the lenten months. The lenten months coincide with the monsoon season. Monks are not allowed to travel during Lent, so it is the duty of the faithful laity to see to their needs;hence the custom of offering Lenten Yellow Robes and candles.Such offerings are made so that the monks should spend the lenten time in quite meditation or study without having to worry about their needs. ( Colourful Myanmar )
References:
Dr.Hla Pe. The Myanmar Buddhist: His life from the cradle to the grave
Khin Myo Chit . Colourful Myanmar
U Aung Kyaw ( Bawathit) A practical Approach to English Writing and
Speaking
Dr.Thein Tun . Structural Grammar and Model English Essays :
Macmillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners 2nd Edition.
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary 3rd Edition.
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5th Edition
Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary 9th Edition.