The Nobel Prize is the most prestigious payment day known in the world. He paid the honor of Alfred Nobel, a renowned chemist and dynamite scientist who uses the religion.
Why is the Nobel Prize rewarded?
The Nobel Prize or the Nobel Prize is the world's most prestigious award distributed on December 10th. In honor of the dynamite of Alfred Nobel, six categories have been given to reward people who have served humanity since 1901.
Alfred Bernard Nobel's Will and Nobel Awards
The Swedish chemist and inventor Alfred B. Nobel is the author of dynamite. Thanks to this patented invention, explosives and weapons companies were established by 90 companies in 20 countries. It started to meet the explosive needs of many countries and it had a great service. However, in the last years of his life, he suffered great sadness and suffering because of the critical news of "death killer" against him, "being rich by finding the way to kill people very quickly".
In fact, the peace-loving and diligent Nobel for peace in the world was overwhelmed by the idea that the idea of stopping wars turned into a deadly silage. When his brother Ludvig Nobel died, French journalists who thought of his death made a big mistake. In the headlines of the newspapers, "Deadly killing" headlines were thrown. This event is seen as the beginning of the Nobel Prize idea. Before he died, he had traces of remorse in his will to remain on November 27, 1895. In his testament, he wanted to distribute indirectly the wealth gained through inventions to those serving humanity.
About a year after his will, on December 10, 1896, he suffered a brain hemorrhage and his eyes were closed in San Remo, Italy. The Will was announced on December 30, 1896. Nobel Prize was awarded five years after his death. Nobel's fortune was 180 million euros today. The Nobel Prize is distributed annually as a cash prize. Prize money varies according to interest rates every year. In 2017, the prize money was set at 9 million kroner (approximately 4 million liras).
Alfred Nobel's request is as follows;
"All of my immovable assets and services that I have withdrawn shall be distributed as follows: Capital must be collected in a safe manner The Fund shall be distributed annually to the people serving the greatest humanity, divided into five main divisions, as follows: must be given to the greatest explorer, some of whom must be given the greatest reconnaissance physiology or medicine: the writer of the greatest works should be given some literature, the person who does the greatest work for international peace and brotherhood, the discoveries of physics and chemistry should be assessed Swedish Science Council: Studies on medicine should be evaluated by the Caroline Institute in Stockholm, literature and peace awards should be assessed by five members delegation selected by the Swedish Parliament The biggest and most definitive prizes are awarded to candidates the nationality is not strictly interpreted, it may or may not be the most serious, rewarding Scandinavian person ... "
Nobel Foundation
The Nobel Foundation was established on June 29, 1990 for the administrative and financial management of Nobel prizes. Alfred is a private institution based on the will of Nobel. The Nobel Foundation, which represents the Nobel Institute from outside, organizes and directs events related to the Nobel Prize. In addition, the Nobel Symposium schemes. The Foundation determines how much money will be awarded to Nobel prize winners.
How are Nobel Prize winners determined?
Nobel Awards; physics, chemistry, medicine or physiology, literature, economics and peace. The first awards were given in 1901. Until 1968, five awards were awarded except for the economy. In 1968, it was decided to be given in the field of economy, the first economy award was given in 1969. The awards given to the economy were given to the contributors to the economy by Sveriges Bank and the National Bank of Sweden.
There are institutions and committees that choose the names to be given. Each institution selects a prize-winning name or institution among different candidates. Swedish Royal Academy; physics and economics. The Swedish Academy of Sciences gives the chemistry award. The Karolinska Institute selects among honorable physiology or medic prize candidates. The Swedish Academy is evaluating literature. The Norwegian Nobel Committee, however, chooses peacemakers.
Posted from my blog with SteemPress : https://blueblogs.000webhostapp.com/2018/08/nobel-prize