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Marbles become one of the inseparable parts when we go through childhood. Little balls are always the main attraction for us to play or collect. According to the discoveries of archaeologists, marbles have been known to humans long before the era of the Christian year began. In the city of Crete (Greece), historical researchers discovered marbles thought to have been more than 1,700 years BC. Marbles or in Dutch are called knikkers, originally made of clay, stone, and then later made of ceramics.
The process of making it still manually using hand expertise. Then with the rapid advances in technology and innovation that are revolutionizing industrial processes, marbles can eventually be printed using advanced automated machines. The modern process began in Germany around 1864 using glass raw materials. In that era, marbles were considered almost equivalent to pearls because of the beautiful shape and glamorous impression.
The next period, around 1902, Martin Christensen made a construction machine to produce marbles faster. Then in the period of 1920s to 1930s, the industry of making marbles in the European region more rapidly often increase the number of requests. And now finally the engine technicians in the manufacture of marbles can further improve the performance of the production machines to be more efficient, large capacity, and also the more automatic work. What are the ingredients used to make the marbles and how the production process? Let's look at each other!
The materials needed to produce marbles or glass marble consist of: sand, silica, lime soda, and other materials as color pigments and decorations inside. Lime soda which is a mixture of calcium hydroxide with sodium / potassium hydroxide is used to absorb carbon dioxide in the melting process. In addition to these materials, there are also marbles made from cullet or using a screw glass.
The process of making marbles consists of four stages: melting / smelting materials, injection process, cutting or forming, and sorting stage. At the melting stage, the materials are fed into the tank which is then heated to a temperature of 1,200 degrees Celsius. This process takes approximately 28 hours. Then proceed to the second stage of the injection. Mixed ingredients that have melted like lava then flowed on another tank to be injected with other pigment materials so that the dough marbles into colors.
The third stage is cutting and forming. A viscous fluid of marbles in the form of glass clumps is passed on a metal run and cut automatically to a certain size (eg 2 cm). Then the glass cubes are flowed on the ball-forming machine so that the final product that comes out is the balls of the marbles that have been so. To maintain the quality, it is necessary also the sorting activities against marbles that are not perfect shape.
So glimpse of the picture of the process of making marbles. The largest marble factory in the world is in Guadalajara, Mexico. The plant, called Vacor de Mexico, is capable of producing about 12 million marbles a day that are exported to more than 35 countries worldwide.
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