Illegal, illegal or confidential migration is a migration from one country to another in violation of the laws in the country of destination, so that entry into the country without a visa.
Most illegal immigrants come from third world countries, who are trying to migrate to developed countries such as the United States and European Union countries
Causes of Migration
These migrations came as a result of a variety of factors:
Drawing and delineating the political borders between the countries of the region after they have fought for long wars of independence, which resulted in the division of societies with a common identity and their distribution in more than one country. Therefore, some of these societies enjoyed abundance in the land and low in housing density and lack of labor. The migration waves from neighboring countries, which facilitated the crossing of the border without difficulty or great difficulty. In this context, Argentina is one of the main reception areas for immigrants from the neighboring countries, which initially targeted the border areas. The waves of migration to urban areas in Argentina Especially Buenos Aires, which has been a center for industrial development and services. Venezuela, Costa Rica and Mexico have joined Argentina in receiving waves of immigrants from neighboring and trans-border countries. Venezuela receives waves of immigrants from neighboring Colombia, Nicaraguan people in Costa Rica, Of Mexico.
2 - oil crises in the seventies of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty - first century, where these periods witnessed a continuous rise in oil prices, which resulted in the imbalances and additional inequalities among Latin American countries in terms of economic growth rates, where enjoyed the oil producing countries such as: Mexico and Venezuela Costa Rica, as a result of high oil prices, has witnessed an economic boom that has enabled it to increase its investment in infrastructure projects, facilities and services, as well as industrial projects, which has attracted professionals, technicians and other numbers of unskilled labor to work on these projects, The wages and salaries offered by employers in developed countries, such as Canada, the United States and a number of European countries, have multiplied and even exceeded. In contrast, consuming countries have paid huge sums to meet their oil needs, which has been negatively reflected in the reduction of expenditures on planned economic projects. Many projects were under way, leading to thousands of workers joining the ranks of the unemployed and looking for jobs in neighboring oil countries.
In the 1970s, Argentina, Chile and Uruguay suffered political and economic crises that led to the military takeover of the government and their adoption of policies of tyranny and domination in the face of the opposition and the physical liquidation of their symbols. In addition, the economy was directed to serve the military establishment, The military elite and the denial of the majority of citizens, which led them to migrate to neighboring countries such as Mexico, Venezuela and Costa Rica, or to Europe, Australia, the United States and Canada, which witnessed waves of migration intensified in the eighties, which described The Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean as a lost decade for development, due to the freezing of economic development projects in expelling labor countries.
4 - The implementation of a number of countries in the region for economic reform programs, based on the state's abandonment of the management of projects and industries and selling them to investors and businessmen, who tended to get rid of thousands of workers and technicians in the framework of their operations to restructure these projects economically and financially, and stop the state from doing projects or industries In addition to the abandonment of the state from the management of projects of some public utilities and infrastructure such as: telecommunications, roads, health care, housing and reconstruction, which are labor-intensive projects, and delivery to the private sector, which tended to get rid of Of the over-employment of these projects as the only way to reduce operating expenses, especially with the refusal of countries to increase the prices of services provided by these projects
