An emergency kit (also known as a “bug-out bag” or 72-hour kit) is a set of essential supplies that every person or family should prepare in case their country becomes involved in armed conflict, civil unrest, prolonged disruption of basic services, or any crisis that interrupts the normal supply of water, food, and electricity. Organizations such as the European Union and civil protection agencies recommend having at least 72 hours (three days) of autonomy, although it is ideal to extend it to one or two weeks.
In a conflict scenario, supermarkets can empty quickly, electricity and running water may fail, and communications can collapse. A well-prepared kit allows you to shelter in place or evacuate in an orderly manner, reducing panic and significantly increasing your chances of survival.
Water and Food: Calculate at least 3-4 liters of water per person per day (for drinking and basic hygiene). Include non-perishable foods that are easy to eat without cooking: canned tuna, sardines, beans, fruit in syrup, energy bars, nuts, instant rice or pasta, and a manual can opener. Avoid foods that require refrigeration.
Lighting and Communication: A flashlight with spare batteries (or rechargeable), a battery-powered or hand-crank radio to receive official information (crucial when internet and TV fail), a power bank for your mobile phone, and preferably a solar charger. Don’t forget a whistle for signaling for help.
Health and Hygiene: A complete first-aid kit with bandages, gauze, antiseptics, scissors, gloves, painkillers, anti-diarrheal medication, and any personal prescription medicines (for at least one week). Include face masks, hand sanitizer, soap, toilet paper, wet wipes, and feminine hygiene products. For families with children or pets, add formula, diapers, or pet food.
Shelter and Clothing: Thermal blankets, sleeping bags or regular blankets, extra warm clothing (including waterproof layers), comfortable shoes, and gloves. A sturdy tarp or plastic sheet can serve for improvised shelter.
Documents and Money: Waterproof copies of ID cards, passports, birth certificates, insurance documents, emergency contacts, and some cash in small bills, as ATMs and card payments may not work.
Other Useful Items: Multi-tool knife, waterproof matches or lighter, duct tape, garbage bags, rope, a local map, and a small tool kit (screwdriver, pliers).
Store everything in an easy-to-carry backpack or container and review it every six months: replace expired food, batteries, and medicines. Adapt the kit to your family situation (babies, elderly, pets, or special medical needs). Practice a family emergency plan: designate meeting points, evacuation routes, and assembly locations.
Being prepared does not mean living in fear, but acting responsibly. Countries with recent history of conflicts or geopolitical tensions, such as those in Northern Europe, already promote these kits among civilians. Having one ready can make the difference between chaos and relative calm. Don’t wait until it’s too late—start today with the basics and build it gradually. Your safety and that of your loved ones depends on foresight.
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