Sleep Disorder

Sleep disorders are various diseases that interfere with one's sleep patterns, also known as somnipathy. Sleep disorders have various types, ranging from mild to severe. More severe sleep disturbances can disrupt the mental, physical, emotional, and social aspects of a person's life. Insomnia is the most recognized type of sleep disorder, but sleep disturbance can also be a frequent night terrors and gnashing of teeth during sleep.

To ensure the presence and severity of sleep disturbances, doctors may ask patients to undergo polysomnography or actigraphy. Polysomnography, or PSG, is the standard test for recording the various biophysical changes in a person's body when he is asleep. This test is usually done at night when the patient is asleep, but there are many hospitals or clinics that can help patients who suffer from sleep disorders circadian rhythms (sleep time is not normal) and perform this test whenever the patient fell asleep. PSG tests can monitor the eyes, brain, bone muscle activity, heart rate, and muscle movement when the patient is sleeping accurately.

Actigraphy can monitor the patient's activity cycle during sleep. When sleeping, patients should use a small actimetry sensor and like a watch. The actimetry sensor will record the movement of the patient during sleep. The information collected will be transferred to the computer for analysis.

Sleep disorders can be divided into three main categories:

• Disomnia : Patients suffering from this disease will have trouble sleeping or staying asleep. Diseases that fall into this category are usually characterized by difficulty getting started or staying asleep, overeating, or any disorder that may affect the patient's quality, timing, and rest time. Insomnia and narcolepsy are the most common types of discomnia.
  
• Parasomnia : Diseases in this category include abnormal dreams, behaviors, emotions, movements, and perceptions when the patient is asleep. Most diseases in the category of parasomnia are a "stimulus" or awakening disorder that occurs between NREM or REM sleep and the conscious condition. Some of the most common examples of parasomnia are sleepwalking, night terrors, gnashing or bruxism, sleeping disorders and restless leg syndrome.
  
• Sleep disorders circadian rhythm : Diseases that fall into this category are diseases that affect when a patient is asleep. Patients suffering from this type of sleep disorder have difficulty sleeping as well as waking up at "normal" times and according to their social, personal, and professional needs. In short, their bodies have an abnormal sleep time. There are two subcategories of sleep disorders of circadian rhythms, namely intrinsic and extrinsic.