An old idea, but one that constantly keeps surfacing, is creating new real estate. Steemit friends have shown interest similar to my own, so I thought I'd post up a link to this story about another concept in making the oceans habitable.
My personal idea was to use bubbles of recycled plastic that can be used both inside and out, as well as sunk more deeply in order to resist heavy weather. At scales from a few meters, to hundreds of meters in diameter, such floating structures present numerous possibilities, including linking them together, that potentiate both residential and industrial use.
The origin of my particular design was simply the vast amount of plastic waste, old tires, and (I live in dairy country) baling twine, which last I reckoned could be used to connect platforms of the former with ballast of the next, and provide artificial reefs where Oyster spat and other species could be raised.
In my more speculative and tenuously grounded in reality moments, I have considered using high pressure hydraulic jets for form bubbles of lava from underwater volcanoes to create floating spherules of actual rock. Given my present circumstances, such development is somewhat tentative.
Fun thoughts tho!