raiblocks刚改名为nano。 看白皮书简直是币圈的一股清流， 低配置就能运行全节点，无需挖矿，交易费为零。创始人2年兼职完成了这个项目，去年末才全职，最近上线了币安。 以下是聊天群里整理出来的FAQ：
How does RaiBlocks compare to other cryptocurrencies?
vs. Bitcoin
Bitcoin organizes transactions into blocks with an average processing time of 10 minutes per block. For a transaction to go through, it must be included in a block, and that block must be mined. To be safe, transactions are usually not considered complete until a few additional blocks are added to the blockchain. Because of this, Bitcoin transactions typically process on the order of hours. With RaiBlocks, each individual transaction is a block, and each block is able to be processed instantly by the network. The limit to the speed of the transactions is primarily network-bound; transactions are processed as fast as they can be propagated throughout the RaiBlocks network.
Bitcoin’s security is derived from hundreds of terawatts of computing power computing power computing hashes. In order to perform malicious actions, such as a double spend, on the Bitcoin blockchain, an attacker would have to accrue at least half of the network’s computation power, which is both financially and practically infeasible.
RaiBlocks secure’s it’s ledger via delegated proof of stake (dPoS). In order to perform malicious actions on the RaiBlocks block-lattice, an attacker would have to posses >50% of the online voting power. Such an attack would spoil their large financial investment, and as such not an attractive option. The dPoS of RaiBlocks consumes minimal energy, allowing full-nodes to run on inexpensive, low-power hardware.
vs. IOTA
IOTA’s consensus is decided by Proof of Work (PoW) stacking of consecutive transactions, while RaiBlocks’ is achieved by voting on conflicting transactions. PoW stacking requires maximizing the continuous network hash rate which is an expense that is inherently paid in electricity by users of the network. Because RaiBlocks doesn't rely on high network PoW to maintain security, the operating cost of RaiBlocks nodes and RaiBlocks users are much lower.
While IOTA’s Tangle and RaiBlocks’ block-lattice are both DAG data-structures, offering instantaneous and feeless transactions, the way they operate are significantly different. With IOTA, two “tip” transaction must first be discovered via a probabilistic algorithm, such as a Monte Carlo Random Walk; a good tip is a recent transaction and expands the tangle in a “forward” moving direction. The idea is that if everyone uses similar tip selection algorithms, recent valid transactions will be approved by newer, valid transactions. Once a transaction is sufficiently deep in the Tangle, it is considered confirmed. RaiBlocks’ block-lattice is an organized structure that doesn’t require “tip” discovery. The last block on each account-chain is easily found/cached, and account transactions can only be appended, like a conventional blockchain. For typical transactions, this transaction is instantaneous and doesn’t require any additional blocks for a transaction to be considered confirmed.
IOTA's vision is machine-to-machine communication, commerce, data storage and to become the premier protocol of IoT devices. RaiBlocks’ focus is on reliable, quick peer-to-peer payments and rapid exchange transfers for arbitrage.
vs. Ethereum
Ethereum is an alternative or separate technology from RaiBlocks. The entire concept of programs executing on top of the Ethereum Virtual Machine is something RaiBlocks doesn't attempt to replicate. The part we focus on is an efficient transfer of value i.e. purely a currency, so while Ethereum requires miners and electricity input which is paid for by devaluing the currency, RaiBlocks has no fees and no devaluing while operating.
Q: Does the receiver account have to be online when I create my send transaction?
A: No, whenever the send transaction goes out, the funds are "not pocketed" by the receiver. The funds are as good as the receivers and cannot be revoked by the sender. "Not pocketed" funds do NOT expire.(edited)
Q: What are "not pocketed" funds?
A: A transaction consists of a "send" and a "receive" transaction. During the period where a "send" doesn't have its partnering "receive" transaction, the funds are considered "not pocketed" by the recipient. "Not pocketed" funds are securely the receiver's funds. Once the receiver's wallet comes online, is fully synced, and unlocked, the funds will automatically be signed into their account chain.(edited)
Q: What are the requirements to run a node?
A: Currently the only real recommendation is to have a fast storage medium, such as an SSD instead of HDD. This is because currently the full node software does a lot of disk I/O for rapidly processing transactions. This may change with future full node versions that better utilize available system RAM and relax disk I/O.(edited)
Q: What do the numbers at the top of the desktop wallet mean?
A: the numbers will look like:
processed (unprocessed downloaded)
Where "processed" is the number of downloaded blocks that your node has processed, and "unprocessed downloaded" are blocks that your software has downloaded but not processed yet. To be fully synced, all blocks must be processed. As new transactions are created on the network, they will be downloaded into the "unprocessed" category to be subsequently processed.(edited)
Q: Whats the incentive to run a node?
A: Running a full node takes minimal resources. This post by /u/dekoze is a good summary:
https://www.reddit.com/r/CryptoCurrency/comments/7j4xgt/i_just_sent_1000xrb_from_one_wallet_to_another/dr4l587/(edited)
reddit
I just sent 1000XRB from one wallet to another and it was LITERALLY instant • r/RaiBlocks • r/CryptoCurrency
181 points and 166 comments so far on reddit
Q: How can I run a full node?
A: The desktop wallet is already a full node! Just by running it you are helping.(edited)
Q: Whats a representative?
A: Most transactions simply go through, but a malicious attacker may try and trick people on the network in an attempt to double spend. During these attacks, consensus must be achieve by voting. Voting requires a computer to be online; for many users this is impractical. Because of this, RaiBlocks allows you to assign a representative on your behalf. By default the desktop wallet selects one of the developers' representatives. These representative nodes are not special in any way compared to a normal full node; it's just that representative owners typically make a larger effort to keep their node online 24/7. The representative will vote on your behalf on which block it wants to keep in the block lattice for fork-inducing blocks.(edited)
Q: Can I send funds to my wallet before it is synced?
A: Yes. Funds can be sent to any "xrb_" address, even if they were created in an offline environment. RaiBlocks is exactly the same as ethereum or bitcoin in this sense. The funds will show up when the wallet is fully synced with the network.
Q: How do I backup my wallet?
A: Just write down your seed and keep it in a safe place. All accounts generated from that seed will be generated again (in order) when you restore that seed
Q: How can I manually sync to speed up the initial desktop wallet syncing process?
A: See the link below. Make sure to read the README! Back up that seed! Never use the default seed provided after you use the ldb file; everyone who uses this ldb file gets the same seed.
https://www.reddit.com/r/RaiBlocks/wiki/index(edited)
Q: Can I reuse an address?
A: Yes, unlike IOTA you can reuse addresses like in Bitcoin and Ethereum. Please understand the reasoning for this; IOTA does this because it is a drawback to the quantum-proof digital signature algorithm they use. RaiBlocks' current digital signature algorithm is not quantum proof, but the devs have expressed interest in changing to a quantum-proof algortihm as the field matures and quantum computers become a more significant threat to the network.
Q: Is there a block explorer?
A: See the top right field of https://raiblocks.net/explore.php
Q: How long does the desktop wallet to sync?
A: If you have an SSD and an OK internet connection, a few hours to a day or 2. If you have a HDD, it's going to take several days regardless of your internet connection.
Q: What's up with the units?
A: Currently the ticker XRB on exchanges represents 1 Mxrb (or million xrb). As the name suggests, 1Mxrb = 1000000 xrb. The smallest unit of RaiBlocks is the raw. There are 10^24 raw in an xrb, or 10^30 raw in an Mxrb/XRB. Whenever people are talking, they are generally talking in XRB or equivalently Mxrb :NotLikeThis:
Q: What is the max supply?
A: The max supply is 133,248,290 XRB. For units see FAQ 14. Why this number? Well RaiBlock's value is kept in a uint128 variable (unsigned 128-bit integer). An uint128 has max value (2^128)-1, which is approximately 340,282,366,920,938,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000. This was the original number of "raw" in RaiBlocks. RaiBlocks was distributed via a Captcha faucet distribution system; of which 133,248,290 XRB were distributed. Due to some non-technical issues, the faucet distribution was cut short and the remaining quantity was burned. This leaves just 133,248,290 XRB (approximately 133,248,290,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 raw) circulating.
Q: Can I use my desktop wallet seed on RaiWallet.com (and vice-versa)?
A: Yes(edited)
Q: Can someone access my funds even if I use a password (desktop wallet)
A: Yes. The password feature of the desktop wallet just encrypts the seed locally on your computer. If anyone gets access to your plaintext (unencrypted seed, the thing we tell you to backup) they have access to your funds. The benefit of the password is that if someone has access to your computer, they don't immediately have access to your raiblocks.
Q: What's a seed? What's a private key? Whats a public key?
A: Any time you set up a Raiblocks address (such as creating a new wallet) , you will be provided with a "Seed" which is 64 characters of text that is unique to your wallet. Do not store your seed online (e.g do not screenshot, email or save it in a file) because anyone with the seed can access all accounts on it and take all of your Rai! The reason why it is provided is so that if for any reason you need to recover your account(s) you can do so without the original wallet you created the account on, so keep it safe! All private keys (which are used for signing transactions) are derived from your seed, and all public keys are derived from their partnering private key.(edited)
Q: Transaction is stuck waiting for PoW in RaiWallet.com (web wallet)?
A: Go to settings and enable Local PoW. RaiWallet's server may be under heavy load and can take a while to handle PoW requests, so switching the work to your browser will make the process much faster and relieve requests on their servers.(edited)
Q: Can I use RaiBlocks on an air-gapped computer?
A: Yes; checkout:
YouTube
Brian Pugh
RaiBlocks Offline Signing (Air-Gapped Wallet)
Q: How do I generate a seed external to the wallet?
A:
Windows
No easy one-liners. A lot of password managers have ways to generate cryptographically secure strings. A seed is 64 characters long and only contains 0-9 and A-F
Linux
cat /dev/urandom |tr -dc '0-9A-F'|head -c${1:-64}
Mac
cat /dev/urandom |LC_ALL=C tr -dc '0-9A-F' | fold -w 64 | head -n 1(edited)
Troy - 01/31/2018
Are my XRB automatically converted to Nano?
Yes! You don’t have to do anything. If you had 10 RaiBlocks (sometimes referred to as 10 mrai), you now have 10 Nano. You can hodl them, send them, request them or trade them same as always.
Some exchanges may be in the process up upgrading to show XRB is now Nano. You can either use caution and wait until their upgrade is finished or go ahead.
Do the denominations change?
No. 10 XRB (or 10 mrai) is 10 Nano. The only thing that changes is the ticker (remember to use $NANO on Twitter)
Is my wallet address the same?
Yes! Your wallet address will continue to be xrb_… for the short term. You can still transact just as you did before.
What if my funds are on RaiWallet?
RaiWallet is rebranding but still has the same backend and the same code. The only things that are different are the website name, design and URL. It is still our official web wallet.
What if my funds are on the old Desktop Wallet?
Your funds are still safe on there. We are also rolling out new desktop and mobile wallets soon. As long as you have your Wallet Seed backed up, you can use those funds on any of our new wallets. We encourage you to update to one of our new wallets so you can use the latest and greatest in Nano tech