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There are lots of real uses for cryptocurrencies, some of which are already in use and some of which are still in development or in the early stages of use.
Starting with the first cryptocurrency, Bitcoin. This has various payment uses:
Anonymity: Use as a payment system for activities that you want to remain anonymous. This use case has now been taken over by other privacy coins such as Monero.
Store of value: To some extent Bitcoin has been used as a store of value against falling currency rates and hyperinflation. This depends on it holding its own value better than fiat currencies.
Global transfer: As a method to transfer money between countries, with low fees. In particular where there may be restrictions on money transfer for fiat in those countries.
Everyday micro-payments: With lightning networks Bitcoin could soon be a payment system for everyday purchases and micro-transactions.
Many other "coin" cryptos (Ripple, Monero etc) have similar potential uses.
Moving on to the second largest cryptocurrency, Ethereum, which is a smart-contract platform crypto:
Smart contracts: Ethereum has use in powering smart-contract transactions. These have the potential to automate and decentralise many legal and financial transactions. Potentially this reduces the fees of middlemen and provides security and immutability to transactions.
DAOs: Smart contract platforms also allow the building of decentralised autonomous organisations which could revolutionise the way companies are structured and set-up.
Other "platform" cryptos (EOS, Cardano) have similar potential uses.
Then there are cryptocurrencies that focus on specialised use cases. For example:
Logistics and tracking: Vechain tracks goods and production processes.
Reduced fees on exchange: Binance coin reduces fees on their exchange.
There are many such coins, each with their own specialisation.
The cryptocurrency industry is still in its early days. We are yet to see which coins will reach mainstream adoption and pass from "use case" to "everyday use".