Major Time Zones & UTC Equivalents:

UTC stands for Coordinated Universal Time. It is the primary time standard by which the world regulates clocks and time.

Think of it as the "Earth's baseline." It isn't a time zone itself, but rather the fixed point that all other time zones are measured against.

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Key Features of UTC

• Zero Point: It is centered at 0° longitude (the Prime Meridian), which passes through Greenwich, London.
• Constant: Unlike many local time zones, UTC never changes for Daylight Saving Time. It stays the same year-round.
• Scientific Precision: It is kept using highly accurate atomic clocks (International Atomic Time) combined with the Earth's rotation (Universal Time).
• Universal Use: It is the standard for aviation, weather forecasts, satellite GPS, and the internet to ensure everyone across the globe is synchronized.

How It Works with Other Zones

Every time zone is expressed as an "offset" from UTC. You either add or subtract hours from the UTC time to find your local time:

Location	Time Zone	Offset
New York	EST	UTC-5 (5 hours behind UTC)
London	GMT	UTC+0 (Same as UTC)
Berlin	CET	UTC+1 (1 hour ahead of UTC)
Tokyo	JST	UTC+9 (9 hours ahead of UTC)

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Major Time Zones & UTC Equivalents:

Americas:

HST (Hawaii): UTC-10
AKST (Alaska): UTC-9
PST (Pacific): UTC-8
MST (Mountain): UTC-7
CST (Central): UTC-6
EST (Eastern): UTC-5
AST (Atlantic): UTC-4
BRT (Brazil): UTC-3
Europe & Africa:

GMT/UTC: UTC+0
CET (Central European): UTC+1
EET (Eastern European): UTC+2
EAT (East Africa): UTC+3
Asia & Pacific:

GST (Gulf): UTC+4
IST (India): UTC+5:30
BST (Bangladesh): UTC+6
ICT (Indochina): UTC+7
CST (China): UTC+8
JST (Japan): UTC+9
AEST (Australian Eastern): UTC+10
NZST (New Zealand): UTC+12
Note: Add 1 hour during Daylight Saving Time (DST) where applicable. For example, PST becomes PDT (UTC-7), EST becomes EDT (UTC-4).

Quick conversion:

If it's 12:00 UTC and you're in EST (UTC-5), subtract 5 hours = 7:00 AM. In JST (UTC+9), add 9 hours = 9:00 PM.

A Note on "GMT"

You will often hear GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) used interchangeably with UTC. While they are essentially the same time for everyday use, GMT is technically a time zone used by some countries in Europe and Africa, whereas UTC is the scientific standard used by technology and global systems.