History of Information Technology Development According to Daniel Chandler and Rod Munday in A Dictionary of Media and Communication (2011: 211), information technology is generally synonymous with computers and computer networks but more broadly in terms of designing technologies used to collect, store, process and / or distributing information electronically including television and telephone. Some industries connected with information technology are computer hardware, software, electronics, semiconductor, internet, telecommunication, and e-commerce. The information technology includes computer technology, communications technology, telecommunication technology, optical communication system, satellite communication technology, computer communication technology, and CD and DVD technology. Also read: Communication Strategy Theory - Negotiation Theory - Theory of Mass Media Information technology was born in conjunction with the birth of human civilization. Humans tend to adapt rapidly to technological developments in order to communicate faster and better. From some literature, the history of information technology development can be divided into 4 (four) era that is pre-mechanical era, mechanical era, electromechanical era, and electronic era. Some era of them still give influence to human life until now. Here is the history of the development of more information technology.
Pre-Mechanical Pre The pre-mechanical era is the era in which humans first began communicating by using language as a communication tool or a picture on a cave wall. In addition to the discovery of a system of letters or alphabets and numerical systems, several other technologies found in this era are paper, pens, books, and calculators. The history of the development of information technology in the pre-mechanical era lasted between 3000 BC and 1450 AD In 3000 BC, the Sumerians of Mesopotamia developed the first article. Before writing was discovered, Sumerians communicated using the language they recorded using simple images. They write on clay plates and then develop a script we know as tapered or wedge-shaped. Also read: Semiotics Communication Visual Communication Nonverbal CommunicationsVerbal and Nonverbal Communication Differences Then, around 2600 BC, the ancient Egyptians began to write on papyrus leaves. The Ancient Egyptians were also the first to discover the numerical system. Furthermore, around 2000 BC, the Phenesia nation that occupied along the Mediterranean Sea coast created various symbols. The Fenesia alphabet itself was only developed in about 1200 BC which originated from the Semitic prototype. The alphabet of Phenesia is the root for the Greek alphabet we know today. With the discovery of alphabet and paper systems, humans then try to keep what they write into storage. This is where the first books and libraries begin to flourish. Associated with the number system that also began to develop in the pre-mechanical era, around the year 100 AD has found the first number system 1-9 in India. More than seven centuries later, zeros were found. After the discovery of the numerical system, humans then developed a tool that could be used to do something about those numbers. The tool is a calculator that is the first marker of an information processor. An ancient or abacus calculator is one of the technologies found in the pre-mechanical era after the development of a number system. See also: Effective Communication Stages - Communication Components
Mechanical Era The mechanical era is the era where we first begin to see the connection between the technology we use in the present era and the past era. The mechanical era in the development of information technology took place between 1450 and 1840. The mechanical era was the era in which information explosion occurred for the first time. This is marked by the discovery of a printing press by Johann Gutenberg and the development of the book. Various other new technologies also developed in the mechanical era are computers. In addition, other technologies that are also found in the mechanical era is Pascaline which is a very famous mechanical computer invented by Blaise Pascal. In addition to the new technological findings, different machines were created in the mechanical era such as calculators. Also read: Mass Communication Ethics - Critical Discourse Analysis - Frame Analysis Model Robert N. Entman
Electromechanical Era Electromechanical era is the era of commencement of telecommunications that we know today. Telecommunications are the tools and techniques used for transmitting information remotely via cable or radio / satellite without damage or loss due to interference. The electromechanical era itself lasted for a century between
