However, while the governments aren't keen to do anything about this for some unknown reason (totally known)

The known reason is the EU and the Maastricht Treaty that allowed companies pick the EU member state jurisdiction they declare profits in.

The solutions are a) a new treaty that amends this (impossible)

or b) Brexit. You leave the EU and then pass laws saying that profits earned in your country are taxed in your country. It's one of the reasons the UK is merrily chugging on since leaving the EU.