In my last post, I talked about how plastic was once celebrated as the wonder material of the future. It was cheap, durable, versatile, and seemed to solve countless manufacturing problems. Some people even argue that it became one of the biggest commercial success stories of the twentieth century.
What changed was not the material itself but the business model around it. Early on, many people treated plastic items the same way they treated glass bottles, metal containers, and fabric bags. They reused them until they could no longer serve a purpose. A product that lasts for years, however, is not ideal if your business depends on selling another one tomorrow. Historians and critics have argued that manufacturers increasingly promoted the idea that disposable products were modern, convenient, and even desirable. Reusing plastic gradually became associated with being old fashioned or poor, while throwing it away became normal. Many of us grew up watching our parents or grandparents wash and reuse plastic bottles and containers, only to think they were simply being frugal. In reality, they were often using those products in a far more sustainable way than they were marketed to be used.
As plastic waste became impossible to ignore, much of the public conversation focused on littering and personal responsibility. Individual behaviour certainly matters, but critics argue that the emphasis on consumer responsibility overshadowed the role of companies that designed and promoted single use packaging in the first place. Campaigns encouraging people not to litter were important, yet they could also shift attention away from questions about whether so many disposable products should have existed at all. The debate was never just about people throwing rubbish on the ground. It was also about who should bear responsibility for a system built around products that were designed to be used for minutes but remain in the environment for decades.
