Deciduous
Deciduous means "falling off at maturity." This usually refers to the leaves of on a tree. But it could also mean male deer that lose antlers in season, or even baby teeth that fall out. For the purpose of this blog, we are referring to the trees that lose their leaves in autumn. This process of losing leaves is called "abscission." This is usually associated with temperature in polar climates. In other areas, tropical or arid regions of the world, plants lose their leaves during the dry season, depending on variations in rainfall.
Evergreen Pine trees tower over colorful deciduous forest
Photograph by 
Evergreen
The opposite of deciduous is evergreen, where foliage is shed on a different schedule from deciduous trees, therefore appearing to remain green year round. Yes, evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once.
There are also plants that are intermediate called semi-deciduous; they lose old foliage as new growth begins. Other plants are semi-evergreen and lose their leaves before the next growing season, retaining some during winter or dry periods.
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