Software containers is a relatively new technology that is constantly increasing in popularity. Containers can provide certain benefits in both devops and development contexts, but the landscape of alternative solutions can quickly appear as somewhat insightful. How do you really start using containers? In this post I will look at Docker, which is one of the most popular container solutions in writing moments and how to set it up for use. Remember this guide is meant for beginners. OS X
On OS X, you can easily install what's needed via Homebrew and Cask:
brew cask install dockertoolbox
Or from Docker's website. Then you either have to run Docker Quickstart Terminal (an app installed with toolbox) or the command
docker-machine start && eval "$(docker-machine env default)"from the terminal to boot up Dockers VM. Linux
On Ubuntu Linux, you can run the following script:
which curl && sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install curl && curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
If this fails (eg due to proxy use) you will have to run:
curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
as a workaround. The procedure for other distros will be equal, except for the apt-get commands (which must be exchanged for the distro's package manager). Windows
Docker will only work on 64-bit Windows 7 or higher.
Download Docker toolbox from Docker's website.
Then you have to run Docker Quickstart Terminal (a program that is installed with toolbox). This will give you a bash environment instead of the usual Windows command prompt. When all is finished, run the command:docker run hello-world to test that Docker is installed. Doker will then: Publicly available images can be found on the Docker Hub.
To see all the images on your machine, you can run:docker images. Create your own environment
Create a folder for your project:
mkdir project&& cd project
This folder will contain everything your image needs.
Then make a file called Dockerfile using your text editor, which contains the following text: FROM php:latest Now you can build your image by writing:
CMD php -r 'echo "SUCCESS\n";'
docker build -t testproject .
in the terminal. Then you can run the resulting container via docker run testproject
You have now set up a simple Docker container. Read more on Docker's user guide.
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Containers
Containers can be viewed as a lightweight alternative to virtual machines running code directly on your hardware and operating system (in an isolated user space). They let you define everything you need to run an application or service and use the recipe (called "image") to create new copies to scale or just to share anywhere.
A container is an instance of an image. This is comparable to object-oriented concepts: a container has the same relation to an image that an object has to a class.
One can get for example Ubuntu by running docker pull ubuntu and run a command in the container with docker run ubuntu echo "Hello, World".
Some advantages of containers are that they enable:
One of the draws of the Container is how fast they are. On a 2015 MacBook Pro, the command in the previous section takes about 0.180 seconds to run, something that is drastically faster than what a VM would take.
Since Docker is Linux based it must still run on a lightweight VM on OS X and Windows, but the default is extremely small (27MB, boots in about 5 seconds and runs entirely in RAM) and runs all Docker containers.
How to setup:
