Abraham Maslow is famous for the notion of the hierarchy of needs. In this hierarchy, human needs are gathered in five categories. With this most categorical representation, this categorical structure, which separates from the base of a pyramid to its extreme point, does not allow a transition to a top-tier without the need being met. These needs are complemented by the pyramid beginning with the satisfaction of the physiological needs and the human self-fulfillment.
In the Psychology of Being Human, readers are being conveyed the thoughts that form the basis of the notion of the hierarchy of needs, a popular term. Maslow, Humanist (Humanistic or Integrative Psychology) is one of two important thinkers that Psychology forms together with Rogers. This trend, which is very popular in 1960s, criticizes the psychoanalysis and the behavioral school in different ways and gives a new interpretation. While reading Maslow's writings, we can clearly see this criticism. One step beyond seeing, Maslow is trying to reveal the value of human being lost in psychology in the Psychology of Being, Maslow. Behavioral organism is a machine that produces observable behavior between environment and stimulus. In psychoanalysis, it is a victim of unconscious processes. Humanist Psychology emphasizes the concepts of human being while understanding and explaining the individual: to be aware, to make choices, to take responsibility, to realize oneself.
Parallel to what Maslow wanted to convey, I found four different subject headings. I felt like I was reading the right misconceptions about psychology while underlining these cues. This shows us that some schools and ideas are a prevalent pre-acceptance that can be accepted without being criticized. Abraham Maslow's Psychology of Being a Human is a product of his struggle to tell the inner nature of man. Reminding us about our chances of being healthier, productive and happy when we have the chance to manage our own lives.
Psychology Science: How to Survive from "Illness"
One of the most important considerations in my book, which is emphasized in my book, is that psychology should not be confined only to mental illnesses. Considering that we can not dissolve the idea of removing the healthy one with a psychologist. It is impossible for us to justify Maslow's criticism that the idea of "people with various problems in spiritual condition can go away" is so common.
"Each and every unit has a vital and poignant truth that needs to be conceived: Every fall away from the idiosyncratic virtues, every crime against one's own nature, everybody without privilege leaves a mark on our consciousness and causes us to see ourselves small. Karen Horney defines this unconscious perception and remembrance action as a "recording" with a very precise account. It is "recorded" as a black spot on our mothless conceit that embarrasses us; honest, nice and good behavior as a positive point. As a result, the scales show one side. Either our self-esteem grows and we see ourselves as being small or small, down, worthless, and deprived of love.
This point of view does not deny Freudian understanding. To summarize briefly, Freud showed us the sickly direction of psychology, but now we need to make the healthy side open. Perhaps this health psychology will help us better when we are better at controlling and improving our lives. Perhaps this method will benefit us much more than asking "How do we get rid of the disease?"
Negative Feelings Always "Negative" Fraud?
Another important criticism Maslow offers us is on the emotions that are described as "negative". Labeling of psychology is done in sentiments. Maslow, asking us, "Negative" is always for negative emotional people?
"From a conventional point of view, personality problems are considered undesirable. Conflict, turmoil, conscience, anxiety, depression, disappointment, tension, embarrassment; self-punishment, inferiority or worthless feelings cause spiritual suffering in every situation. Reduces the efficiency of actions. Denetlenemez on. In this case, they are automatically perceived as ill and bad and "healed" as soon as possible.
Come to see that all these statements are also found in people who are on the way to becoming healthy or healthy. Do we have to beat our guilt feeling? Assume that you have balanced your powers and are now in harmony. Yes balance and compliance can be good for reducing pain; but perhaps it is bad because it prevents you from progressing towards a higher ideal.
All the people who dare to bless their talents, who are innate painters and struggle with their stocks, who are smart but who live a stupid life, who do not open their mouths when they see the truth, and who coward their heart and feel cowardice, feel that they have sneaked in themselves and for this reason they have seen themselves down. Ultimately, the living punishment of self can only lead to neuroses; a renewed heart, a righteous anger and an increased self-esteem as a result of starting to do the right thing. In short, development and progress can be achieved through pain and conflict. "
Deficiency Motivation and Development Motivation
Why is motivation, the mechanism that pushes the organism into action, the root cause? It's important to Maslow. Because people can enter into developmental motivation only when their motivations are complete with lack. When we think of people who are on their way to realizing their potential, we see that they are already out of their shortcomings.
Deficiency motivation
"It is basically a necessity that does not feel the lack of the body and needs to be satisfied for the health of the person. Moreover, these requirements must be satisfied by people outside of the person himself / herself. In order to clarify the distinction between the explanation discussed here and the other very different motivational types I will call these requirements missing or deficiency requirements. No one will deny the fact that we "need" iodine or vitamin C. I want to remind you that the need we hear for "love" has entered the same class. "
Development Motivation
"Development is to be understood not only as an integral part of the essential requirements, but also as certain developmental motivations, capacities, creative tendencies, structural manifestations that lie outside and above these requirements. This approach will also help to see that developing basic needs and self-development does not conflict more than childhood and childhood conflict. One is transmitted to the other and is a necessary precondition for another. "
Peak Experience
Maslow gives the name of the peak experience to those moments of happiness and satisfaction at the highest level.
"In perfect experiences, the person feels more integrated (united, complete, one-piece) than other times. It also appears to be more integrated (the observer, as explained below). For example, division and separation, fighting against self is reduced. He is more cooperative with himself. The distinction between experience-living self and observing self is faded. All the pieces work in a more harmonious and efficient order with each other. Internal friction is reduced, synergy is increased. The features of the integration and its conditions are discussed below. "
We can say the key concept for the people in the top category of the pyramid of our experience is our understanding.
"Peaceful experience feels self-assertion, self-justification that carries its own inner value. In other words, it is a self-empowerment that we can call not as vehicle-experience but as goal-experience. It is such a valuable experience that it feels like an opening, trying to validate this experience takes away something from its respectability and value. "