After the birth pangs of our sun emerged with the matter was left our earth, our neighboring planets and everything we know about our solar system. In the residual disk, the clumping of dust particles led to the formation of planetesimals, the building elements of the planets.
These kilometer-sized formations had enough mass to unite with other planetesimals by gravity to form larger objects. According to newer models, instabilities could also lead to the formation of planetesimals. The heaviest objects exerted the greatest gravitational forces, attracted matter from a wide circle, and were thus able to grow even faster.
The Proto-Jupiter finally disturbed other planetsimals with its gravitational field and obviously influenced their growth, it also prevented the formation of a larger body between the Mars and Jupiter orbit which led to the formation of the asteroid belt.
The distance of the protoplanets from the young sun had a decisive influence on the formation of the planets. Therefore the inner planets Mercury Venus Earth and Mars with solid surfaces were formed near the sun. In the colder outer regions, the planets were also able to capture volatile gases such as hydrogen, helium and methane. Here the gas giants Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune formed. A part of the matter that was not captured by the planets joined to smaller objects, the comets and asteroids. Because they have remained virtually unchanged since the early days of the solar system, their exploration may provide important clues to the genesis of our solar system.
Even though the basic principles are widely understood, there are still many unanswered questions.
The inclination of the solar equator relative to the mean orbital plane of the planets of about seven degrees is a mystery. Due to its dominating mass, the sun is unlikely to have tumbled due to its interaction with the planets.
Possibly a companion named Nemesis is responsible for this or our solar system received a visit from a neighboring star of the primal star cluster, who tilted the large protoplanetary disk by 7 degrees due to his attraction, while the small sun remained unaffected.
