Lots of good questions, I have wondered about many of them myself. I am not expert on anything but am happy to share the bit I have learned.
apr% from voting has a lot of variables I don't fully understand but I believe it one of the factors is now old the post is your voting on. I just focus on trying to use at least 20% of my voting power daily and see any rewards earned as a bonus.
I do not vote on my own posts or comments as I believe it is frowned apron by some and could attract a down vote, but I do not think it is illegal.
I believe the 20% APR HBD comes from all the hive transactions that cost a fee. Is it sustainable or does it weaken the liquid hive price might be a better question but only time will tell, both seem to be doing ok.
I have not found any where that shows historical APR of the pools.
There is no ATX delegation or curation at the moment that I known of, but you can earn it by posting in the pub community or participating the power up day challenge.
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RE: Understanding Liquidity Pools on Hive Engine - The Importance of Understanding