Gold (chemical symbol Au, from Latin aurum) is a dense, soft, yellow transition metal with atomic number 79, meaning each atom has 79 protons and 79 electrons. Atomic mass: ≈ 196.967 u. State at 20 °C: Solid. Density: ≈ 19.3 g·cm⁻³. Melting point: ≈ 1063–1064 °C. Boiling point: ≈ 2966–3080 °C. 🤓