The extensively studied fungi and metazoa are both members of the Opisthokont supergroup and exemplify only a small fraction of the evolutionary landscape in the eukaryotic domain. Comparably few efforts have been directed at other eukaryotic model systems, such as kinetoplastids or tetrahymena. Surprisingly, these studies have revealed interesting differences both in origin properties and in initiator composition compared to yeast and metazoans.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circular_chromosome
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Origin_of_replication
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opisthokont
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holomycota
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holozoa
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoebozoa
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphea
..
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)
Origin of Replication
Circular Chromosome
Protist
Amorphea
Amoebozoa
Holomycota
Holozoa
Opisthokont
..
it may be replicating or mimicking specifically the Circular DNA.
RE: Protonation Cation/Anion