Can there be one best way to take action? I don't think so, considering every case has it's peculiarity. It is in this light, that I think each action that is to be taken, one has to look at the person the action is to be taken against and the peculiarity of the case in issue. These are some of the considerations I check before taking any action.
In the community where I grew up, to get the attention of the local government to take care of some basic social amenities like drilling of boreholes or maintenance of bad roads in a community, you need a special kind of action that will show the commitment of the community to wanting a change. We achieve this by first taking the first step by doing what we want the government to do, before taking our request to them with evidence of our effort that needs their support to get it done completely. For instance, when our road in that community was bad, each household was asked to dig a gutter at the front of their houses to allow the free passage of water. It was after each of the houses started doing that, that community wrote to the local government with an attached picture of the community effort and progress to have the road done. With this type of actions, our community has been able to enjoy a better amenity from the support of the government than other communities around us.
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The action taken in the above scenario, is the best, knowing the kind of government we were dealing with. Now to effect a change on some cultural issues that bothers on women's rights do not need the same kind of action. For example, The disinheritance of the female child in the Igbo culture in Nigeria , needs a different kind of action to effect the change needed. The best action in this matter, need ligation or petition. Because, those who are the culprits may feel threatened to give up their cultural entitlements if not been coerced to do so. So petition is the best action to help determine and effect the change needed.
The uniqueness of the people in government in my country, makes strike action the best way to effect the needed change on issues that bothers on labour or workers welfare or remuneration. The government that is insensitive to the plight of it's workers or lacks empathy for its citizens' needs, needs strike action to get their listening ears. With the peculiarity of the government of my country and the people in government, we need to take strike action.
In conclusion, the best action that can affect a change needs careful study of the people, time and the peculiarity of the issues and demands.