Collared kingfisher:

The collared kingfisher (Todiramphus chloris) is a medium-sized kingfisher belonging to the subfamily Halcyoninae, the tree kingfishers. It is also known as the white-collared kingfisher or mangrove kingfisher. It has a wide range extending from the Red Sea across southern Asia to Polynesia. A number of subspecies and subspecies groups have been split from this species including the Pacific kingfisher, the islet kingfisher, the Torresian kingfisher, the Mariana kingfisher, and the Melanesian kingfisher.

Collared Kingfisher: Medium kingfisher with a blue back, wings, and tail, white underparts and collar, brown-blue crown, white lores, and black mask. Large, black-grey bill with pink-buff base has slightly upcurved mandible. Medium tail. Female like a male but slightly duller blue plumage. Juvenile has black collar and some black scaling on breast.

INTERESTING FACTS

• The Collared Kingfisher is medium-sized tree kingfishers, and may also be known as White-collared Kingfisher or Mangrove Kingfisher.
• These birds are known to be very aggressive, both towards their own species and also towards other kingfisher species. * * This kingfisher is the most common kingfisher in Singapore, and it is thought that the decline of White-throated Kingfishers may be due to the spread of Collared Kingfishers.
• This bird can perch motionless over long periods to await prey. When large prey is caught, this bird will pound it against tree branches until it is subdued.
• A group of kingfishers is collectively known as a "concentration" and a "realm" of kingfishers.