Communities with (elected?) gatekeepers in each community - who are responsible for abuse within it.... and the power to downvote.

Not one big pool, but many smaller pools - and 'elected representatives' of each small pool having the power to nullify idiots in the communities...? (and a very simple step to oust any representative within that community, if they are idiots also)

Not thought it through, just an answer off the cuff.

Something not off the cuff though - the fact of perceived negative actions only creates a negative environment - and one not attractive to most non narcissistic/sociopathic individuals.
Others removing your 'earnings' from posts through downvoting is a negative action against an individual.
No matter how the mechanics of it work re: the rewards pool distribution, perceived negative actions against an individuals work is not attractive...
'Small communities' would make each spat a local affair with the threat of ejection from the community as important as bad behaviour.

No community membership, no upvotes....

I'll stop rambling now...