Thanks for the feedback. I was breaking the subjects down into small pieces because I use these blogs as reading assignments in my freshman biology courses. With your suggestions, I will string several

I'm in Butte, Montana. We are in zone 3 and our last average frost date is the first week of July. Annual gardening is not only a lot of yearly work but also extremely limited here with such a short growing

Excellent video, James. I was told that blueberries wouldn't do well here in the mountains of Montana (zone 3) and that I should plant haskap berries instead. I had planted some blueberries before I received

You're packing a ton of great information into your videos. I'm impressed. There are lots of different species of mycorrhizal fungi and each species can have a limited range of plants that they will associate

Again, you found my website.

If you dig through my blog, you'll find several videos relating to viruses. Here are some links:

Some of my students go out for hikes and collect ticks along the trails. We've looked for Colorado Tick Fever Virus by RT-PCR. It would be easy enough to go back through the samples for rickettsia. Montana

Not really. I have a number of viruses to test in the future but, for now, my lab is going to focus on the interferon signaling pathway (major antiviral branch of innate immunity) and autophagy (which

Hi, robot. Again, you found my website!

Hi, robot. You found my website.

Agreed. I see that you study tick-borne diseases. Which one(s)? I have some undergraduates looking into Colorado Tick Fever Virus.

In the video, you talked about how any organic matter will work in your mulching method. Do you bag grass clippings when you mow and throw them in with the wood chips for a shot of nitrogen-rich mulch?

I guess I should have mentioned that the examples of molecular biology tools from antiviral defense systems include restriction enzymes and CRISPR-Cas genomic editing.

Nice post. Interesting side note: Elizabeth Blackburn worked in the lab of Fred Sanger who won two Nobel Prizes (one for his method of sequencing proteins and another for his method of sequencing DNA).

My answer to, "Immunology history: Compare and contrast selective theory with instructional theory. How did the clonal selection theory extend upon the selective theory?"

My answer to, "The relative importance of humoral and cellular immunity was a heated debate. Who were the major proponents of each immunological branch? What was the supporting evidence for each side?

We're working on focusing the camera. Please be patient.

My answer to, "In what ways does the immune system provide benefits beyond protection against infectious diseases? "

Ah. You gave away the punchline. (Thanks for watching!)

My answer to, "No vaccine is 100% effective, so how was smallpox eradicated?"