Gravitational Lensing

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The distorted circular image of galaxies in the center is caused by a phenomenon called Gravitational lensing.

The galaxy in the front is so massive that its gravity distorts the space-time fabric, meaning that the light from the faraway galaxies gets bent due to the intense gravity of the foreground galaxy.

As a result, it produces several images of the same galaxy in a lenslike structure.

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Image from Hubble

Gravitational Lensing | Ecency