Before Breakfast Lessons On Steemit

Before Breakfast Lessons
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Lesson For Today

❇ Confusing words🤔💬💭

💠 Comprise and Include
There may be some overlap in the use of these two verbs but they don't carry the same meaning. Look at the following sentences:

The delegation comprises the secretary, treasurer and organiser.
The delegation includes the secretary, treasurer and organiser.

In example one, the use of comprises means that there are not any members of the delegation other than those listed. Only the three of them make up the delegation.

In example two, the use of includes suggests that there are other members of the delegation but they are not mentioned.

Note their difference.

Note: Do not say, "comprises of" or "is comprising of". Simply say, "comprises" or "is comprised of".

❇ Misused words/expressions❌

💠 Don't badge into my office like that.
The appropriate word is barge. The verb barge means to hurry somewhere or through a place in a rude and forceful way. If you barge in on someone or something, you enter a place or join a group of people, rudely interrupting what somebody else is doing or saying; to intrude or break through, particularly in an unwelcome or clumsy manner.

Example

The athlete barged in on the coach and ran on without stopping. ✅
Don't barge into my office like that. ✅

❇ Grammar📚

💠 Reading Roman numeral(s)
"The numeric system represented by Roman numerals originated in ancient Rome and remained the usual way of writing numbers throughout Europe well into the Late Middle Ages. Numbers in this system are represented by combinations of letters from the Latin alphabet. Roman numerals, as used today, are based on seven symbols:
I = 1
V = 5
X = 10
L = 50
C = 100
D = 500
M = 1,000

The numbers 1 to 10 are usually expressed in Roman numerals as follows:

I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X."

To be continued...

❇ Pronunciation◀🅿▶

💠 Lettuce
The leaves of the lettuce plant, eaten as a vegetable; as a dish often mixed other ingredients, etc.

It is not pronounced as /lɛtuus/; it is (lɛt-iss).

Example

We bought some tomatoes and lettuce. ✅

❇ Spell Check☑

💠 Foolscap
A foolscap, or what we often call official paper is a large size of paper for writing on. It is not spelt as full scap. It is called foolscap because in the 17th/18th century, folio-sized paper had a watermark of a fool's cap on it. The word fool here is a jester, not necessarily someone who is unwise or stupid.

Example

His stationery shop supplies us with foolscap. ✅

❇ Ghanaianism/Ghanaian English

💠 Do me show/Spread me🤣
In Ghanaian English, "to do someone show" or "spread someone" means to spend money on the person. It could be by buying the person food, drinks, clothes, or doling out money to him/her, etc. Do me show should not be used in formal writings.

❇ Idiom of the day🆔

💠 Drive someone up the wall
This idiom means to irritate or annoy someone, to make a person very angry.

Example

The lecturer told the students that their persistent stubbornness was driving him up the wall. ✅
His refusal to wash the dishes after meals drives me up the wall. ✅

❇ Word of the day👍🏽🆕

💠 Griffonage
Griffonage is a careless or illegible or unreadable handwriting; a scrawl.

Example

He presented a page filled with griffonage; not even the teacher could read it. ✅

❇ Conversation Tip✅

💠 Ways of writing/saying approximately

About
More or less
... or so
... or thereabouts
Roughly
Somewhere around
Somewhere in the region of

❇ Countries and their people🇬🇭🇺🇸🇳🇿

Name of Country: North Korea
National Flag: 🇰🇵🇰🇵🇰🇵
Nationality: North Korean/Korean
Capital City: Pyongyang
Continent: Asia
Currency: North Korean won (₩)
Official language: Korean

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