ZeCash Coin REVIEW

INTRODUCTION

What is ZECASH COIN ?

A breakthrough digital solution related to Cryptocurrency transactions. Using new proprietary features to make ZeCash Ze next gen of Coin. New protocols to Secure Proof of Stake, new Staking concept, new anonymity features, lightning network processing and more to read in our WHITEPAPER. For e-commerce, private payments, online business, retails stores… ZeCash will speed up transaction for both clients and suppliers on a Decentralized secure environment. Reserve your Token now to be part on Ze revolution with Next Gen ZeCash. Token ZCH / ERC20 Compliant

ZeCash missions

ZeCash team does not set excessively global goals, does not make loud promises. We are talking only about the mechanisms’ improvement and processes inherent in the cryptocurrency structure. We got rid of the downsides that prevented the first cryptocurrency full operation for ten years of existence, taking care of the following opportunities for users:

You can Mint/Mine and earn fixed interest with low fees.
• PoS security with ZeProtocol, which contain a Chain trust, and Delegated Shuffle.
• Anonymity with “ZeAnon” protocol, which allows transaction re-mixing, ring signature.
• Very fast transaction speed, no pending transactions guaranteed.
• ZeCash Proof of Chain/Stake always fair with Coin Age Based Selection.

Practical application

ZeCash is a revolutionary cryptocurrency based on the PoS algorithm. The new currency was created to simplify e-commerce, make private payments, online businesses, and retail stores. Transactions in the network do not have commissions and are quickly implemented. Since free ZeCash mining is impossible, we can confidently talk about strict emissions and high security at the transactions time. The coin can be considered decentralized, unlike other cryptocurrencies, most of the capacities of which are controlled by only a few large pools

Competitive advantages

The top altcoins’ developers come to the perception that further development of their projects is impossible without technological changes. From 2009 to 2012, all the cryptosystems, starting from Bitcoin, have been functioning using one-and-only Proof-of-Work algorithm. In 2012, through the efforts of the Peercoin team, a fundamentally different from PoW, the Proof-of-Stake algorithm appeared in the crypto world.

In 2017, the Ethereum platform, the second cryptocurrency after Bitcoin by market capitalization, announced the introduction of the Casper protocol. The essence of the innovation lies in the network switch from PoW to PoS algorithm.

Blockchain application

ZeCash on Proof-of-Stake

What is Proof-of-Stake?

Proof-of-Stake (PoS) is a type of algorithm in which distributed harmony is achieved by a Cryptocurrency blockchain network. The creator of the next block in PoS based Cryptocurrency is selected or chosen through various combinations of random selection and wealth or age (the Stake). Compared to Cryptocurrency based on Proof-of-Work (PoW) such as Bitcoin make use of complicated cryptographic puzzles in order to mark transactions valid and create new blocks.

Advantages of PoS

The currencies using Proof-of-Stake can be thousand times more cost-effective than the Proof-of-Work, which relies on the use of energy. Following a Bitcoin mining-farm operator, the energy consumption totaled 11,388 KWh per Bitcoin in 2014. This is equal to combusting 752 gallons of gasoline, in terms of carbon production

Staking with ZeCash

It is an incentive process to reward people that mint their ZeCash into their wallet for transaction validation. Our users are involved in buying the coin that will remain in a wallet for a certain fixed period. It is same as putting money in a fixed deposit for a fixed period. Here, the owner of a new block is chosen on the person’s stakes. The stakes translate to the extent of the user’s wealth or amount of ZeCash coins the holder has in his possession. In staking, mining does not occur; instead, the creation of new blocks is minted.

Staking Advantages

There is no need to spend a lot of money buying a big mining farm. Initial investment needed for that is just a simple computer connected to the Internet and a wallet with ZeCash Coin. The balance in the wallet will grow; you just need to be patient. Simultaneously, ZeCash coins value will grow as well. A profit is guaranteed as ZeCash Coin values will increase due to the price growth along with the number of coins you mint. That is how ZeCash Minting is functioning. The amount of coins you would be able to mint is exactly equal to the amount of coins you have in your wallet. It is very similar to holding the bank account on the PC.

Staking Selection with CABS and RBS

Weighting the Miner could be easily executed based on the amount of coins the user has, but it will cancel out equality because only the biggest Minters will be selected. To tackle such an issue, ZeCash will use:

PoS Security with ZeProtocol. ZeCash solution

The best way to list the most used security breaches on Proof-of-Stake network and check how ZeCash fixes them, is to implement our ZeProtocol.

Nothing at Stake

Problem

In the event of a fork, the optimal strategy for any miner is to mine on every chain, so that the miner gets their reward no matter which fork wins. Thus, assuming a large number of economically interested miners, an attacker may be able to send a transaction in exchange for some digital goods (usually another cryptocurrency), receive the good, then start a fork off the Blockchain from one block behind the transaction and send the money to themselves instead. Even with just 1% of the total stake, the attacker's fork would win because everyone else is mining on both.

ZeProtocol Solution

ZeProtocol of ZeCash resolves this issue by using a double-block protection mechanism and coin age consumption.

Coins which have been held for up to 30 days begin to compete for the next block. Greater probability for signing the next block goes to older and larger sets of coins. Nonetheless, once a coin has been staked and used to sign a block, they must start with zero ‘coin age’ and thus have to wait for a minimum of 30 days before signing another block. It is also best to note that the probability of finding the next block reaches a maximum after 90 days to help prevent or stop very old or very large collections of stakes from controlling the Blockchain.

51% Attack

Problem

This problem occurs when a corner holds more than 51% of any given Blockchain. It is generally a result of a defense mechanism where coin which is used in stakes will get minted for a small period and then it cannot be sold on the exchange or anywhere

The worse is that attackers would be able to prevent new transactions from gaining confirmations, allowing them to halt payments between some or all users and reverse transactions that were completed while they were in the network control. It happens because of Blockchain organization and its responses when fork appears.

ZeProtocol Solution

ZeProtocol will implement MOS (Maturity Operation System) a proprietary Algorithm where ZeCash coin has to be matured over a period, and then it can be used at the stake again. Coin can be minted for a period and therefore cannot be sold on the exchange

In order to do that you have to compare it with the working of Bitcoin where the machines for mining are uninterrupted by 51% of attacks. Through ZeProtocol the attacker needs to wait for a long period before using the coins in a new attack.

Double Spend

Problem

Double spend attacks happens in the following way: the attacker first sells all his coins and then will publish a new version of the Blockchain in which the coins’ sale will not work. In the above scenario, the market will be able to absorb the large amount of the coins from the total supply. This would create a market crash, as coins will no longer be viable.

ZeProtocol Solution

ZeProtocol will use a proprietary Adjusted Confirmation Based on Volume (ACBV). For example, increasing the confirmation N from 6 to 10 will reduce the chance of a double spend by ~100 times for an attacker who has gathered 30% of network minting power.

Stake Grinding

Problem

The attacker has a small amount of stake, goes through the history of the Blockchain, and finds places where his stake wins a block. With an object of winning, he modifies the next block header until some stake he owns wins once again. This attack requires a bit of computation, but definitely is not impossible.

ZeProtocol Solution

ZeProtocol will use mixed inputs of delegated Proof-of-Stake where each block minter gets to create one block before the order is reshuffled and everyone gets another turn. In addition, to have fair distribution between a minter who has 50% support rather than 10% support, we will reward all minters in proportion to their stake / support. ZeProtocol will start by creating blocks in a deterministic fashion. Each block minter would be chosen basing on the user that is the most underrepresented in a given minting period. They would be chosen to be the next block minter. After a new block created, the representation is updated and the next minter is chosen in the same fashion.

Synchronized Check Pointing

Problem

In this attack, you would be able to add the fake node and the entities in the network of the Blockchain. As there are no checkpoints, this attack would be quite successful and cheap initially. When a node creates a block then it is known as minting. As the number of minting nodes increases, the network would become more secure and safe. When the network is in the initial phase, the attack is relatively very cheap. The network-bootstrapping phase during this time uses the synchronizing checkpoints to deter and protect against the malicious entities. It is used as a temporary measure and when more mining nodes are added to the network then this precaution is no longer needed.

ZeProtocol Solution

ZeProtocol uses hardcoded checkpoints that would be able to mitigate this kind of attack when a new node connects to the network, which is yet to be downloaded by the Blockchain. In addition, ZeCash will be also using synchronized checkpoints. Coins which are spent on the latest checkpoints cannot be used so all coins are accumulated after that checkpoint

The concept is that the standard client will accept all transactions up to the checkpoint as valid and irreversible. If anyone tries to fork the blockchain starting from a block before the checkpoint, the client will not accept the fork. This makes those blocks "set in stone".

ZeCash Anonymity with ZeAnon

Users are given a degree of anonymity that traditional banking systems do not offer. The traditional banking system is obligated by law to show and expose whoever deals with them, and this kills whatever anonymity the traditional system might have claimed to have. Since the Blockchain ledgers are made public, the cases of anonymity over the years have been raised. Quite a number of users love the comfort of anonymity for private reasons, which might range from its not being able to be confiscated by law enforcement agencies, and the sake of privacy. Bitcoin uses pseudo anonymity that does not allow a user to be linked to his name or home address, but can instead be linked using the public Bitcoin address. One can be traced only through the address, but not through the personal details.

Stealth Transaction

Stealth transaction starts with generating a stealth key pair by receiver, what can possibly be done even before any payment was going to be made. It is this stealth public key that he, for example, posts on his website as a donation address. (As such, it has also called the “Stealth Address.”) He does not share his stealth private key with anyone at all.

Transaction re-mixing

Today all the transactions are recorded and then made available publicly to the Blockchain. ZeCash will use different mixing techniques in which several users create a transaction by joining their inputs. In order to maintain their privacy, all inputs should share the same value, as once the transaction is created there is no way of telling which input corresponds to each output. If the inputs hold different values, then it will be much more straightforward.

Ring Signature

ZeAnon will use a type of digital signature, which is used with the cryptography and is performed by members of the users’ group that have the keys.

Ring signatures are generated using a combination of sender’s account keys with public keys on the blockchain. It makes it private as well as unique. It hides the identity of the sending participant as it is computationally impossible to assess which group members' keys were used to generate the complex signature.

Why does ZeCash need to use these protocols to provide an unlikeable solution?

No coins are anonymous. If you monitored the peer-to-peer network and analyzed the public Blockchain, then you would be able to trace the identity. This can also be done by knowing your customers and by anti–money laundering regulations. This is not a great privacy feature. Users might not want to let the world know their personal spending and incomes. This business information can be leaked to the competitors easily and we believe each human deserves to choose or not choose anonymous transactions, as each person is able to choose anonymous messaging like Telegram.

ZeCash fast processing

Blockchain technology is known to possess a fast processing system. Though the present technology is fast, the VISA network is currently faster, but that will change. A new prototype faster than the VISA network which is 56,000 transactions per second, is about to meet public consumption. It is expected to be about 440,000 transactions per second. Currently, the Bitcoin network processes about seven transactions per second, while PayPal does over 450 payments per second. The prototype of the new Blockchain network is expected to be resistant to forking. Without forking as expected by the new research, the need for confirmations would no longer be necessary. Transactions would easily be carried out at a fast pace.

ZeCash will offer Lightning Network System

Instant Payments

Lightning-fast Blockchain payments without worrying about block confirmation times. Security is enforced by Blockchain smart-contracts without creating a single Blockchain transaction for individual payments. Payment speed measured in milliseconds to seconds.

Scalability

Capable of millions to billions of transactions per second across the network. Capacity blows away legacy payment rails by many orders of magnitude. Attaching payment per action/click is now possible without custodians.

How It Works?

The Lightning Network is dependent upon the underlying technology of the Blockchain. By using real Bitcoin/Blockchain transactions and its native smart-contract scripting language, it is possible to create a secure network of participants, which is able to transact at high volume and high speed.

Low Cost

By transacting and settling off-blockchain, the Lightning Network allows for exceptionally low fees, which allows for emerging use cases such as instant micropayments.

Cross Blockchains

Cross-chain atomic swaps can occur off-chain instantly with heterogeneous blockchain consensus rules. So long as the chains can support the same cryptographic hash function, it is possible to make transactions across blockchains without trust in 3rd party custodians.

Bidirectional Payment Channel

Two participants create a ledger entry on the Blockchain, which requires both participants to sign off on any spending of funds. Both parties create transactions that refund the ledger entry to their individual allocation, but do not broadcast them to the Blockchain. They can update their individual allocation for the ledger entry by creating many transactions spending from the current ledger entry output. Only the most recent version is valid, which is enforced by Blockchain-parsable smart-contract scripting. Either party without any trust or custodianship can close out this entry at any time by broadcasting the most recent version to the Blockchain.

Lightning Network

Treon will ensure the integrity and security of the e-wallet using Ethereum blockchain smart contracts acting like multi-signature wallets (multisig). We partnered with multiple cryptocurrency wallet experts to provide Treon (TXO) users with the best experience of the crypto ecosystem.

Blockchain as Arbiter

As a result, it is possible to conduct transactions off-Blockchain without limitations. Transactions can be made off-chain with the confidence of on-Blockchain enforceability. This is similar to the person that makes many legal contracts with others, but does not go to court every time a contract is made.

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