Natural resources (commonly abbreviated as SDA) are everything that comes from nature that can be used to meet the needs of human life. [1] Classified in them are not only biotic components, such as animals, plants, and microorganisms, but also abiotic components, such as petroleum, natural gas, various metals, water and soil. [1] [2] Technological innovation, the progress of civilization and the human population, and the industrial revolution have brought people into an era of exploitation of natural resources so that their inventories continue to decrease significantly, especially in the last century. [2] Natural resources are absolutely necessary to support human needs, but unfortunately their presence is not evenly distributed and some countries such as Indonesia, Brazil, Congo, Morocco and various countries in the Middle East have very abundant biological or non-biological riches. [3] [4] [5] [6] For example, countries in the Middle East region have a natural gas supply of one third of the world's and Morocco alone has a stock of phosphate compounds half the size of the earth [5]. However, the richness of these natural resources is often inconsistent with the economic development of these countries. [7]
Indonesia, one of the world's largest biological and non-living resources.
In general, natural resources by nature can be classified as renewable and non-renewable natural resources. Renewable natural resources are natural resources that can continue to exist as long as their use is not over-exploited. Plants, animals, microorganisms, sunlight, wind, and water are some examples of renewable natural resources. Although the amount is very abundant in nature, its use must remain limited and maintained to be sustainable. The non-renewable SDA is limited in number because it is faster than the process of formation and when used continuously will be exhausted. Petroleum, gold, iron, and various other mining materials generally require a very long time and process to re-establish so that the amount is very limited., Petroleum and natural gas are generally derived from the remains of animals and plants that lived millions of years ago , mainly formed and derived from aquatic environments. The change in temperature and temperature of the panaselama millionaan this year then convert the material and the organic compounds into various types of mining materials.
